Nanodiamonds (ND) belong to the nano-carbon family, which involves several synthesis, post-synthesis methods, and other modifications for ND preparation. NDs have played vital role both inside and outside of medicine in recent years. The study of NDs has stated in early 1960s, NDs are smaller particles with a size of about 4-5 nm with confined size distribution, large-scale synthesis at lower costs relying on the carbon explosives ignition, apparent surface functional design along with bio-conjugation and extreme biocompatibility. It has been predicted that the ND's magnetic characteristics will contribute to the up-growth of various therapeutic promoters for delivery vehicles, diagnostic probes, gene therapy, tissue scaffolds, anti-bacterial and anti-viral treatments, and devices like nano-robots. Furthermore, the wide applications of biotechnology have displayed the potential usage of NDs in certain bioanalytical needs like fluorescent bio labeling through fluorescent and protein purification of proteins. In this current review, the determination of ND's design, property, classes, constancy, organization, surface modification, biocompatibility, and its applications in the biomedical field have penned. The usage of ND as anti-neoplastic agents and in other health related formulations have displayed exceptional results for future growth. Additionally, NDs provide other functionalities such as production of biodegradable surgical devices of bone, the assassination of drug resistant microbes and viruses, tissue engineering scaffolds, and aids in the delivery of genetic matter into the nucleus of cells.

中文翻译：

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纳米金刚石：近期治疗方案中的多功能药物输送系统。

纳米金刚石 (ND) 属于纳米碳家族，涉及多种合成、合成后方法和其他用于 ND 制备的修饰。近年来，NDs 在医学内外都发挥了至关重要的作用。1960 年代初对 NDs 的研究表明，NDs 是较小的颗粒，尺寸约为 4-5 nm，具有受限的尺寸分布，依靠碳炸药点火以较低成本大规模合成，表观表面功能设计以及生物-结合和极端的生物相容性。据预测，ND 的磁性特性将有助于输送载体、诊断探针、基因治疗、组织支架、抗菌和抗病毒治疗以及纳米机器人等设备的各种治疗促进剂的增长。此外，生物技术的广泛应用显示了 ND 在某些生物分析需求中的潜在用途，例如通过蛋白质的荧光和蛋白质纯化进行荧光生物标记。在本次审查中，ND 的设计、性质、类别、稳定性、组织、表面改性、生物相容性的确定及其在生物医学领域的应用已经完成。ND 作为抗肿瘤剂和其他健康相关制剂的使用已显示出对未来增长的非凡结果。此外，NDs 还提供其他功能，例如生产可生物降解的骨外科手术装置、暗杀耐药微生物和病毒、组织工程支架，并有助于将遗传物质输送到细胞核中。