Resveratrol is a phenol compound produced by some plants in response to pathogens, infection, or physical injury. It is well-known that resveratrol has antioxidant and protective roles in damages potentially caused by cancer or other serious disorders. Thus, it is considered as a candidate agent for the prevention and treatment of human diseases. Evidence has confirmed other bioactive impacts of resveratrol, including cardioprotective, anti-tumorigenic, anti-inflammatory, phytoestrogenic, and neuroprotective effects. Ischemia–reperfusion (IR) can result in various disorders, comprising myocardial infarction, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease, which may continue to induce debilitating conditions and even mortality. In virtue of chronic ischemia or hypoxia, cells switch to anaerobic metabolism, giving rise to some dysfunctions in mitochondria. As the result of lactate accumulation, adenosine triphosphate levels and pH decline in cells. This condition leads cells to apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy. However, restoring oxygen level upon reperfusion after ischemia by producing reactive oxygen species is an outcome of mitochondrial dysfunction. Considering the neuroprotective effect of resveratrol and neuronal injury that comes from IR, we focused on the mechanism(s) involved in IR injury in the nervous system and also on the functions of resveratrol in the protection, inhibition, and treatment of this injury.

白藜芦醇是一些植物在应对病原体、感染或身体伤害时产生的酚类化合物。众所周知，白藜芦醇对癌症或其他严重疾病可能造成的损害具有抗氧化和保护作用。因此，它被认为是预防和治疗人类疾病的候选药物。有证据证实白藜芦醇具有其他生物活性作用，包括心脏保护、抗肿瘤、抗炎、植物雌激素和神经保护作用。缺血再灌注 (IR) 可导致各种疾病，包括心肌梗塞、中风和外周血管疾病，这些疾病可能会继续导致衰弱甚至死亡。由于慢性缺血或缺氧，细胞转为无氧代谢，导致线粒体出现一些功能障碍。由于乳酸积累，细胞内三磷酸腺苷水平和 pH 值下降。这种情况会导致细胞凋亡、坏死和自噬。然而，通过产生活性氧来恢复缺血后再灌注时的氧水平是线粒体功能障碍的结果。考虑到白藜芦醇的神经保护作用和IR引起的神经元损伤，我们重点关注IR损伤神经系统的机制，以及白藜芦醇在保护、抑制和治疗这种损伤中的功能。通过产生活性氧来恢复缺血后再灌注时的氧水平是线粒体功能障碍的结果。考虑到白藜芦醇的神经保护作用和IR引起的神经元损伤，我们重点关注IR损伤神经系统的机制，以及白藜芦醇在保护、抑制和治疗这种损伤中的功能。通过产生活性氧来恢复缺血后再灌注时的氧水平是线粒体功能障碍的结果。考虑到白藜芦醇的神经保护作用和IR引起的神经元损伤，我们重点关注IR损伤神经系统的机制，以及白藜芦醇在保护、抑制和治疗这种损伤中的功能。