Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) has attracted an increasing attention because it can realize waterless dyeing of chemical fibers. In this paper, two azo disperse dyes with different substituents were synthesized, and compared with C.I. Disperse Red 73 to study the relationship between structure and dyeing properties systematically in D5 media. The results showed that the dyeing uptake of dyes increased from 85.5 % to 98.0 % with the substituent changing from N-ethyl to N-acetoxyethyl group. This was because the solubility of dyes in D5 media showed an evident reduction. Although the dyes containing N-cyanoethyl group had the lowest solubility, the dyeing uptake became 93.4 %, which was slight lower than that of dyes with N-acetoxyethyl group. This was because an introduction of N-cyanoethyl group increased dye molecular aggregation in D5 media, making it difficult to diffuse. Additionally, the dyes with N-ethyl or N-acetoxyethyl groups showed better washing fastness and rubbing fastness than that of dye containing N-cyanoethyl group. These results provide a potential theoretical guidance for improving exhaustion of disperse dyes in waterless dyeing system. This study will promote textile industry sustainable development.

十甲基环戊硅氧烷（D5）因其可实现化学纤维的无水染色而受到越来越多的关注。本文合成了两种不同取代基的偶氮分散染料，并与CI分散红73进行对比，系统地研究了D5介质中结构与染色性能的关系。结果表明，随着取代基由N-乙基变为N-乙酰氧基乙基，染料的上染率由85.5%提高到98.0%。这是因为染料在 D5 介质中的溶解度明显降低。虽然含N-氰乙基的染料溶解度最低，但上染率达到93.4%，略低于含N-乙酰氧基乙基的染料。这是因为 N-氰乙基的引入增加了 D5 介质中染料分子的聚集，使其难以扩散。此外，含有N-乙基或N-乙酰氧基乙基的染料比含有N-氰乙基的染料表现出更好的水洗牢度和摩擦牢度。这些结果为改善无水染色体系中分散染料的浸染提供了潜在的理论指导。本研究将促进纺织行业的可持续发展。