ABSTRACT

The ecological vulnerability of global protected areas (PAs) is linked to the 2030 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. We developed a novel degree of ecological vulnerability (DEV) index based on Big Earth Data to assess the ecological vulnerability of PAs. This is a transparent, repeatable, large-scale and rapid assessment method. We applied the method to case studies of International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) PAs in the basins of the Aral Sea, the Caspian Sea, the Black Sea and the Lake Baikal. Between 2001 and 2015, the spatial pattern of ecological vulnerability in the study area was relatively stable. The Caspian Sea basin and protected landscape/seascape (category V) showed high ecological vulnerability, while the Black Sea basin and wilderness areas (category I_b) showed low ecological vulnerability. Big Earth Data shows great vitality in PAs ecological vulnerability assessment. Strengthening international cooperation is an important means to break the bottleneck of ecological environment and resource endowment in these important international basins.

摘要

全球保护区 (PA) 的生态脆弱性与 2030 年联合国可持续发展目标相关。我们基于地球大数据开发了一种新的生态脆弱性（DEV）指数来评估保护区的生态脆弱性。这是一种透明、可重复、大规模、快速的评估方法。我们将该方法应用于国际自然保护联盟 (IUCN) PA 在咸海、里海、黑海和贝加尔湖盆地的案例研究。2001-2015年研究区生态脆弱性空间格局相对稳定。里海盆地和受保护的景观/海景（类别 V）显示出高度的生态脆弱性，而黑海盆地和荒野地区（类别 I _b) 表现出较低的生态脆弱性。地球大数据在保护区生态脆弱性评估中​​显示出巨大的生命力。加强国际合作是破解这些重要国际流域生态环境和资源禀赋瓶颈的重要手段。