Mental disorders widely contribute to the modern global disease burden, creating a significant need for improvement of treatments. Scalp stimulation methods (such as scalp acupuncture and transcranial electrical stimulation) have shown promising results in relieving psychiatric symptoms. However, neuroimaging findings haven’t been well-integrated into scalp stimulation treatments. Identifying surface brain regions associated with mental disorders would expand target selection and the potential for these interventions as treatments for mental disorders. In this study, we performed large-scale meta-analyses separately on eight common mental disorders: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, anxiety disorder, autism spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, compulsive disorder, major depression, post-traumatic stress disorder and schizophrenia; utilizing modern neuroimaging literature to summarize disorder-associated surface brain regions, and proposed neuroimaging-based target protocols. We found that the medial frontal gyrus, the supplementary motor area, and the dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex are commonly involved in the pathophysiology of mental disorders. The target protocols we proposed may provide new brain targets for scalp stimulation in the treatment of mental disorders, and facilitate its clinical application.

中文翻译：

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精神障碍的潜在头皮刺激目标：来自神经影像学研究的证据

精神障碍广泛导致现代全球疾病负担，因此迫切需要改进治疗方法。头皮刺激方法（如头皮针灸和经颅电刺激）在缓解精神症状方面显示出有希望的结果。然而，神经影像学发现还没有很好地整合到头皮刺激治疗中。识别与精神障碍相关的大脑表面区域将扩大目标选择和这些干预措施作为精神障碍治疗的潜力。在这项研究中，我们分别对八种常见精神障碍进行了大规模荟萃分析：注意力缺陷多动障碍、焦虑症、自闭症谱系障碍、双相情感障碍、强迫症、重性抑郁症、创伤后应激障碍和精神分裂症；利用现代神经影像学文献总结与疾病相关的大脑表面区域，并提出了基于神经影像学的目标协议。我们发现内侧额回、辅助运动区和背外侧前额叶皮层通常参与精神障碍的病理生理学。我们提出的靶标方案可能为头皮刺激治疗精神障碍提供新的脑靶标，并促进其临床应用。