The tragedy of the commons (TOC) has been well known since it was proposed and has been widely applied not only to human society but also to many taxa. An increasing number of studies have focused on TOC in belowground competition in plants. In the presence of neighbors, plants overproduce roots to acquire more nutrients than their competitors, resulting in a reduction in reproductive yield. Game-theoretic studies on TOC in plants usually consider the amount of root biomass as a strategy and do not consider the growth of plants. However, root volume is considered an outcome of the decision-making of plants on whether they allocate more resources to the root. In this study, we incorporated resource allocation and growth dynamics into the TOC game in plants and explored the evolutionarily stable resource allocation strategy in the presence of neighbors. We demonstrated that TOC generally occurs when fitness per individual is always reduced because of the competitive response. However, the overproliferation of roots, which is emphasized as an indicator of TOC, did not necessarily occur, or was sometimes difficult to detect when fitness is largely or completely determined by root biomass. This result suggests the importance of careful observation for examining whether plant species engage in a TOC game

公地悲剧（TOC）自提出以来就广为人知，不仅广泛应用于人类社会，还广泛应用于许多类群。越来越多的研究集中在植物地下竞争中的 TOC。在邻居存在的情况下，植物过度生产根以获取比竞争对手更多的营养，从而导致繁殖产量下降。对植物中 TOC 的博弈论研究通常将根生物量的数量视为一种策略，而不考虑植物的生长。然而，根体积被认为是植物决定是否为根分配更多资源的结果。在这项研究中，我们将资源分配和生长动态纳入植物的 TOC 博弈中，并探索了在邻居存在的情况下进化稳定的资源分配策略。我们证明了 TOC 通常发生在每个人的适应度由于竞争反应而总是降低时。然而，当适应度在很大程度上或完全由根生物量决定时，被强调为 TOC 指标的根的过度增殖并不一定会发生，或者有时难以检测到。该结果表明仔细观察对于检查植物物种是否参与 TOC 游戏的重要性 不一定发生，或者当适应度在很大程度上或完全由根生物量决定时有时难以检测。该结果表明仔细观察对于检查植物物种是否参与 TOC 游戏的重要性 不一定发生，或者当适应度在很大程度上或完全由根生物量决定时有时难以检测。该结果表明仔细观察对于检查植物物种是否参与 TOC 游戏的重要性