microRNAs (miRNAs), a crucial class of small non-coding RNA species, have been extensively studied as key molecular in immune regulation in the past decades. Here, we discover a new miRNA miR-148-1-5p and we elaborate that miR-148-1-5p functions as a negative regulator to participate in innate immune responses. In this article, it has been researched that the regulation effect of miR-148-1-5p to the nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathway by targeting IRAK1 in miiuy croaker. First, through bioinformatics software to predict the potential targets of miR-148-1-5p, we found that IRAK1 had a base complementary region with indicated miRNA. Next, the dual-luciferase assays revealed that overexpression of miR-148-1-5p mimics and pre-miR-148 plasmid could significantly inhibit the luciferase activity of wild-type IRAK1-3′UTR. However, miR-148-1-5p inhibitors attenuated the inhibition caused by miR-148-1-5p. In addition, we also confirmed that miR-148-1-5p could suppress the expression of IRAK1 at mRNA level. Collectively, the regulations of miR-148-1-5p to NF-κB signaling pathways via targeting the IRAK1 gene was studied in miiuy croaker, which provided new information to enrich the immune regulation network of miRNA in teleost fish.

microRNAs (miRNAs) 是一类重要的小型非编码 RNA，在过去的几十年中作为免疫调节的关键分子被广泛研究。在这里，我们发现了一种新的 miRNA miR-148-1-5p，并阐述了 miR-148-1-5p 作为负调节因子参与先天免疫反应。本文研究了miR-148-1-5p通过靶向IRAK1对大黄鱼核因子kappaB（NF-κB）信号通路的调节作用。首先，通过生物信息学软件预测miR-148-1-5p的潜在靶点，我们发现IRAK1与指定的miRNA有一个碱基互补区。接下来，双荧光素酶测定显示过表达 miR-148-1-5p 模拟物和 pre-miR-148 质粒可显着抑制野生型 IRAK1-3'UTR 的荧光素酶活性。然而，miR-148-1-5p 抑制剂减弱了由 miR-148-1-5p 引起的抑制。此外，我们还证实了 miR-148-1-5p 可以在 mRNA 水平抑制 IRAK1 的表达。综上所述，研究了miR-148-1-5p通过靶向IRAK1基因对NF-κB信号通路的调控作用，为丰富硬骨鱼中miRNA的免疫调控网络提供了新的信息。