Obesity and metabolic syndrome (O&MS) due to the worldwide obesity epidemic affects children at all stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) including dialysis and after kidney transplantation. The presence of O&MS in the pediatric CKD population may augment the already increased cardiovascular risk and contribute to the loss of kidney function. The Pediatric Renal Nutrition Taskforce (PRNT) is an international team of pediatric renal dietitians and pediatric nephrologists who develop clinical practice recommendations (CPRs) for the nutritional management of children with kidney diseases. We present CPRs for the assessment and management of O&MS in children with CKD stages 2–5, on dialysis and after kidney transplantation. We address the risk factors and diagnostic criteria for O&MS and discuss their management focusing on non-pharmacological treatment management, including diet, physical activity, and behavior modification in the context of age and CKD stage. The statements have been graded using the American Academy of Pediatrics grading matrix. Statements with a low grade or those that are opinion-based must be carefully considered and adapted to individual patient needs based on the clinical judgment of the treating physician and dietitian. Research recommendations are provided. The CPRs will be periodically audited and updated by the PRNT.

由于全球肥胖流行病导致的肥胖和代谢综合征 (O&MS) 影响处于慢性肾病 (CKD) 各个阶段的儿童，包括透析和肾移植后。在儿科 CKD 人群中存在 O&MS 可能会增加已经增加的心血管风险并导致肾功能丧失。儿科肾脏营养工作组 (PRNT) 是一个由儿科肾脏营养师和儿科肾脏科医生组成的国际团队，他们为患有肾脏疾病的儿童的营养管理制定临床实践建议 (CPR)。我们提出了 CPR，用于评估和管理 CKD 2-5 期儿童、透析和肾移植后的 O&MS。我们解决 O& 的风险因素和诊断标准 MS 并讨论他们的管理，重点是非药物治疗管理，包括饮食、身体活动和在年龄和 CKD 阶段背景下的行为改变。这些陈述已使用美国儿科学会分级矩阵进行分级。必须根据主治医师和营养师的临床判断仔细考虑低等级或基于意见的陈述，并根据患者的个体需求进行调整。提供了研究建议。PRNT 将定期审核和更新 CPR。必须根据主治医师和营养师的临床判断仔细考虑低等级或基于意见的陈述，并根据患者的个体需求进行调整。提供了研究建议。PRNT 将定期审核和更新 CPR。必须根据主治医师和营养师的临床判断仔细考虑低等级或基于意见的陈述，并根据患者的个体需求进行调整。提供了研究建议。PRNT 将定期审核和更新 CPR。