Purpose: Nesfatin-1 plays a crucial role in glucose metabolism and cognitive function. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between plasma nesfatin-1 levels and clinical indicators and cognitive function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods: Demographic and medical history data, physical examination, and biochemical test results of 132 T2DM patients were collected. The plasma concentrations of nesfatin-1, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), soluble triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells 1 (sTREM1), and sTREM2 in T2DM patients were measured. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult (BRIEF-A). The patients were divided into two groups: a low-nesfatin-1 group (n = 75) and a high-nesfatin-1 group (n = 57) based on a plasma nesfatin-1 concentration less than or above the 50th percentile value of all the samples.
Results: The results showed that plasma HbA1c levels were positively correlated with CRP, IL-6, sTREM1, and sTREM2 levels in patients with T2DM (P < 0.05). Plasma nesfatin-1 concentrations were positively associated with diabetes-related biochemical indicators including glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin, and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and inflammation-related indicators including CRP, IL-6, sTREM1, and sTREM2 among patients with T2DM (P < 0.05). Moreover, T2DM patients with high nesfatin-1 levels showed higher HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels (P < 0.05). Furthermore, T2DM patients with high nesfatin-1 levels also showed higher BRIEF-A scores (P = 0.01). Additionally, T2DM patients with high total scores of BRIEF-A (scores > 50th percentile) could be identified with a sensitivity of 59.1% and a specificity of 72.7% by nesfatin-1.
Conclusion: These findings indicate that plasma nesfatin-1 might be involved in the T2DM-associated comorbidities and the development of cognitive dysfunction, and the mechanism underlying this involvement is related to the imbalance in the expression of CRP, IL-6, sTREM1, and sTREM2 levels.

Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, cognitive dysfunction, nesfatin-1, inflammatoryresponse, sTREM1/2


中文翻译：

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血浆 Nesfatin-1：T2DM 患者认知功能障碍的潜在预测因子和诊断生物标志物

目的： Nesfatin-1 在葡萄糖代谢和认知功能中起着至关重要的作用。本研究旨在探讨2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者血浆nesfatin-1水平与临床指标及认知功能的相关性。
方法：收集了 132 例 T2DM 患者的人口学和病史资料、体格检查和生化检测结果。测量了 2 型糖尿病患者中 nesfatin-1、C 反应蛋白 (CRP)、白细胞介素 6 (IL-6)、骨髓细胞上表达的可溶性触发受体 1 (sTREM1) 和 sTREM2 的血浆浓度。使用成人执行功能行为评定量表 (BRIEF-A) 评估认知功能。根据血浆 nesfatin-1 浓度小于或高于 50%所有样品。
结果：结果显示，T2DM患者血浆HbA1c水平与CRP、IL-6、sTREM1、sTREM2水平呈正相关（P< 0.05)。血浆 nesfatin-1 浓度与糖尿病相关生化指标（包括糖化血红蛋白 (HbA1c)、胰岛素和胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估 (HOMA-IR)）和炎症相关指标（包括 CRP、IL-6、sTREM1、 T2DM 患者的 sTREM2 和 sTREM2（P < 0.05）。此外，高 nesfatin-1 水平的 T2DM 患者 HbA1c 和空腹血糖（FPG）水平较高（P < 0.05）。此外，具有高 nesfatin-1 水平的 T2DM 患者也表现出较高的 BRIEF-A 评分（P = 0.01）。此外，nesfatin-1 可以以 59.1% 的敏感性和 72.7% 的特异性识别出 BRIEF-A 总分高（分数 > 50%）的 T2DM 患者。
结_ sTREM2 水平。

关键词： 2型糖尿病，认知功能障碍，nesfatin-1，炎症反应，sTREM1/2