First introduced in 1976, ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (¹⁸F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) has become an indispensable tool for diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of tumors, heart disease, as well as other conditions, including inflammation and infection. Because ¹⁸F-FDG can accurately reflect the glucose metabolism level of organs and tissues, it is known as a “century molecule” and is currently the main agent for PET imaging. The degree of ¹⁸F-FDG uptake by cells is related to both the rate of glucose metabolism and glucose transporter expression. These, in turn, are strongly influenced by hypoxia, in which cells meet their energy needs through glycolysis, and ¹⁸F-FDG uptake increased due to hypoxia. ¹⁸F-FDG uptake is a complex process, and hypoxia may be one of the fundamental driving forces. The correct interpretation of ¹⁸F-FDG uptake in PET imaging can help clinics make treatment decisions more accurately and effectively. In this article, we review the application of ¹⁸F-FDG PET in tumors, myocardium, and inflammation. We discuss the relationship between ¹⁸F-FDG uptake and hypoxia, the possible mechanism of ¹⁸F-FDG uptake caused by hypoxia, and the associated clinical implications.

中文翻译：

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缺氧在驱动癌症、心肌缺血、炎症和感染中的 18F-FDG 摄取中可能的共同作用

¹⁸ F-氟脱氧葡萄糖 ( ¹⁸ F-FDG) 正电子发射断层扫描 (PET)于 1976 年首次推出，已成为肿瘤、心脏病以及包括炎症和感染在内的其他疾病的诊断和预后评估不可或缺的工具。由于¹⁸ F-FDG能准确反映器官组织的糖代谢水平，被誉为“世纪分子”，是目前PET显像的主要试剂。^{细胞摄取18} F-FDG的程度与葡萄糖代谢率和葡萄糖转运蛋白表达有关。这些反过来又受到缺氧的强烈影响，其中细胞通过糖酵解满足其能量需求，并且由于缺氧而增加了^{18 F-FDG 的摄取。18} F-FDG的摄取是一个复杂的过程，缺氧可能是根本驱动力之一。正确解读 PET 成像中的¹⁸ F-FDG 摄取可以帮助诊所更准确、更有效地做出治疗决策。在本文中，我们回顾了¹⁸ F-FDG PET 在肿瘤、心肌和炎症中的应用。^{我们讨论了18} F-FDG 摄取与缺氧之间的关系、缺氧引起¹⁸ F-FDG 摄取的可能机制以及相关的临床意义。