Biocompatibility, biodegradation, good sorption characteristics, and unique structure of highly oxidized bacterial cellulose (OBC) are of great interest for the development of new drug delivery systems. In this study, OBC with 9.6, 13.0 and 19.5% carboxyl groups for 5, 20, and 48 h of synthesis, respectively, was successfully obtained using the HNO₃/H₃PO₄–NaNO₂. The results of morphological analysis showed that with an increase in the number of carboxyl groups, OBC fibers become thicker and rougher. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy showed the formation of carboxyl groups in the OBC after the oxidation reaction. The crystallinity of the samples according to X-Ray diffraction analysis decreased with increasing reaction time. The immobilization of cephalexin in the polymer matrix was studied in detail, it took 120 min to achieve balance in the solution with a concentration of 1 mg/ml, and the maximum amount of a sorbed antibiotic reached 43 mg/g. The drug release in vitro at 37 °C in PBS with pH 7.4 and 2.0 was prolonged. Various models were used to describe the release mechanism, the best of which was Ritger-Peppas with a diffusion exponent value ranging from 0.743 to 0.830, which explains the drug release mainly through non-Fickian diffusional release. The cephalexin-loaded OBC showed high antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus. The structure and properties of the resulting highly oxidized cellulose make it an excellent candidate as a drug delivery carrier with prolonged antimicrobial drug release characteristics.

高度氧化细菌纤维素 (OBC) 的生物相容性、生物降解性、良好的吸附特性和独特的结构对开发新的药物递送系统具有重要意义。在本研究中，使用 HNO ₃ /H ₃ PO ₄ –NaNO ₂分别在5、20和 48 小时的合成过程中成功获得了含 9.6%、13.0% 和 19.5% 羧基的 OBC. 形态分析结果表明，随着羧基数目的增加，OBC纤维变得更粗更粗。傅里叶变换红外光谱显示氧化反应后在 OBC 中形成了羧基。根据 X 射线衍射分析，样品的结晶度随着反应时间的增加而降低。详细研究了头孢氨苄在聚合物基质中的固定化，在1mg/ml浓度的溶液中达到平衡需要120分钟，最大吸附抗生素量达到43mg/g。在 37 °C 下，在 pH 7.4 和 2.0 的 PBS 中，药物的体外释放被延长。各种模型被用来描述释放机制，其中最好的是 Ritger-Peppas，扩散指数值从 0.743 到 0.830，这主要通过非菲克扩散释放来解释药物释放。载有头孢氨苄的 OBC 对革兰氏阴性菌显示出高抗菌活性大肠杆菌和革兰氏阳性菌金黄色葡萄球菌。所得高度氧化纤维素的结构和性质使其成为具有延长抗微生物药物释放特性的药物递送载体的极好候选者。