Thermoluminescence (TL) properties of Gd³⁺(0,1,3,5 &7 mol%): HfO₂ NPs were synthesized by precipitation and co-precipitation method. The synthesized materials were irradiated in gamma, 6 MV, 10 MV, 15 MV and Am–Be neutron source. The glow curve were deconvoluted and analyzed by curve fitting with good values of FOM. The kinetic parameters such as order of kinetics (b), activation energy (E_a) and frequency factor (s) were determined by chen's peak shape method. The result shows that the intrinsic HfO₂ has higher number of traps compared to extrinsic HfO₂ due to the enrichment of oxygen vacancies. The TL glow curve achieved the higher TL counts in Gd (5 mol%) and above these concentration TL counts decreases due to concentration quenching. High energy beams such as 10 MV and 15 MV also shows similar result and verified with photon dose-linearity for the dose range in 5 cGy–100 cGy. Finally, the study concludes that the effect of doping material such as Gd³⁺ has the influence of their relative concentration in the host material to provide the information about pure HfO₂ NPs suitable for gamma rays and X-rays(6 MV) and for neutron detection Gd(5 mol%) doped HfO₂ can be used.

Gd ³⁺ (0,1,3,5 &7 mol%) 的热释光 (TL) 特性：HfO ₂ NPs 通过沉淀和共沉淀法合成。合成材料在伽马、6 MV、10 MV、15 MV 和 Am-Be 中子源中进行辐照。对辉光曲线进行解卷积并通过具有良好 FOM 值的曲线拟合进行分析。动力学参数如动力学阶数 (b)、活化能 (E _a ) 和频率因子 (s) 由陈氏峰形法确定。结果表明，与外在 HfO ₂相比，内在 HfO ₂具有更多数量的陷阱由于氧空位的富集。TL 辉光曲线在 Gd (5 mol%) 中实现了更高的 TL 计数，高于这些浓度，由于浓度猝灭，TL 计数降低。10 MV 和 15 MV 等高能光束也显示出类似的结果，并在 5 cGy–100 cGy 的剂量范围内用光子剂量线性进行了验证。最后，该研究得出的结论是，掺杂材料如 Gd ³⁺的影响具有它们在主体材料中的相对浓度的影响，以提供适用于伽马射线和 X 射线（6 MV）的纯 HfO ₂ NPs的信息，以及中子检测可以使用Gd(5 mol%) 掺杂的 HfO ₂。