The individualism-collectivism dimension has established itself in interdisciplinary cross-cultural studies in recent decades as the most significant determinant for a variety of economic and institutional outcomes. Individualist societies are characterized by independent selves and loose social ties, and collectivist societies are typified by interdependent selves and strong social ties. In this article, we argue that employees in individualist (collectivist) societies tend to work less (more) since they tend to prioritize themselves and their families over their firms (vice versa), and employers can force employees less (more) and have a harder (easier) time forming a work environment in which long working hours prevail. Using a cross-country empirical analysis, we find that individualism is negatively and significantly associated with working hours. To address endogeneity problems, we use instrumental variables for individualism. Our results are robust to controlling for various relevant variables, employing different estimation techniques, and using different sample sizes.

近几十年来，个人主义-集体主义维度在跨学科跨文化研究中确立了自己的地位，成为各种经济和制度成果的最重要决定因素。个人主义社会的特点是独立的自我和松散的社会联系，集体主义社会的特点是相互依存的自我和强大的社会联系。在本文中，我们认为个人主义（集体主义）社会中的员工倾向于更少（更多）工作，因为他们倾向于将自己和家人置于公司之上（反之亦然），并且雇主可以更少（更多）强迫员工并拥有更难（更容易）的时间形成一个工作时间长的工作环境。使用跨国实证分析，我们发现个人主义与工作时间显着负相关。为了解决内生性问题，我们使用个人主义的工具变量。我们的结果对于控制各种相关变量、采用不同的估计技术和使用不同的样本量是稳健的。