Leishmaniasis is a group of tropical diseases caused by parasitic protozoa belonging to the genus Leishmania. The disease is categorized in cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL), and visceral leishmaniasis (VL). The conventional treatment is complex and can present high toxicity and therapeutic failures. Thus, there is a continuing need to develop new treatments. In this review, we focus on the novel molecules described in the literature with potential leishmanicidal activity, categorizing them in pre-clinical (in vitro, in vivo), drug repurposing and clinical research.

中文翻译：

---

探索创新的利什曼病治疗：从临床前到临床发现的药物靶点

利什曼病是由利什曼原虫属寄生原生动物引起的一组热带疾病。该疾病分为皮肤利什曼病 (CL)、皮肤粘膜利什曼病 (MCL) 和内脏利什曼病 (VL)。传统的治疗方法复杂，可能呈现高毒性和治疗失败。因此，持续需要开发新的治疗方法。在这篇综述中，我们关注文献中描述的具有潜在利什曼原虫活性的新分子，将它们分类为临床前（体外、体内）、药物再利用和临床研究。