The consequences for stream water quality of long-term changes in landscape patterns: Implications for land use management and policies,Land Use Policy

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The consequences for stream water quality of long-term changes in landscape patterns: Implications for land use management and policies
Land Use Policy ( IF 6.0 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-07 , DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2021.105679
António Carlos Pinheiro Fernandes ₁ , Lisa Maria de Oliveira Martins ₁ , Fernando António Leal Pacheco ₂ , Luís Filipe Sanches Fernandes ₁

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The preservation of water resources is a worldwide goal that requires continuous research to support the action of decision-makers. The learning about water quality is paramount in that regard to assess the complex interactions between surface waters and pollution sources. To assess the impact of diffuse pressures, many authors established nexus between landscape metrics and surface water quality. The present study used that approach in a Portuguese urban catchment, the Ave River Basin. The relation between landscape metrics and eight surface water quality parameters was studied during 26 hydrological years, based on the Spearman's rank correlation analysis. The correlation analysis exposed strong relationships between water quality and parameters that describe land use composition or configuration. During the studied period, even in recent years, the water quality parameters reached concentrations above the legally recommended limits. The most concerning parameters were ammoniacal nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand and total orthophosphate. Among the analysed metrics, Shannon's diversity index, percentage of urban areas, and the percentage of agricultural edges that are shared with artificial areas were the most preoccupying land use characteristics that indicate degradation of water resources. Besides the correlations, the study calculated the variation rates of land use maps relative to the years of 1995, 2007, 2010, 2015 and 2018. The results of correlation analysis and land use changes identified actions for the short-term that could improve water quality in the Ave River, namely a reduction in agricultural fields and an increase of forest edges density. In the long-term, water quality improvements could be accomplished through the decrease of artificial surfaces, the increase of forested areas and edges surrounding agricultural fields.

中文翻译：

景观格局长期变化对溪流水质的影响：对土地利用管理和政策的影响

保护水资源是一个世界性的目标，需要不断的研究来支持决策者的行动。在这方面，了解水质对于评估地表水和污染源之间复杂的相互作用至关重要。为了评估扩散压力的影响，许多作者建立了景观指标和地表水质量之间的联系。本研究在葡萄牙城市流域阿维河流域采用了这种方法。基于斯皮尔曼等级相关分析，研究了 26 个水文年的景观指标与八个地表水质量参数之间的关系。相关分析揭示了水质与描述土地利用组成或配置的参数之间的密切关系。在研究期间，甚至在最近几年，水质参数的浓度也达到了法定建议限值以上。最受关注的参数是氨氮、化学需氧量和总正磷酸盐。在分析的指标中，香农多样性指数、城市地区百分比以及与人工区域共享的农业边缘百分比是最受关注的表明水资源退化的土地利用特征。除了相关性之外，该研究还计算了土地利用地图相对于 1995 年、2007 年、2010 年、2015 年和 2018 年的变化率。相关性分析和土地利用变化的结果确定了可以改善水质的短期行动在阿维河，即农田减少和森林边缘密度增加。从长远来看，水质的改善可以通过减少人工表面、增加森林面积和农田周围的边缘来实现。

更新日期：2021-08-07

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