Based on 10 pairs of atmospheric general circulation models from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 High Resolution Model Intercomparison Project, we find that high-resolution models (HRMs, ∼50 km) perform better than low-resolution models (LRMs, ∼100 km) in simulating the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) rain belt. We attribute the increased rainfall to enhanced vertical advection of water vapor in the HRMs which is mainly contributed by enhanced vertical motion. Based on moist static energy analyses, the stronger vertical motion in the HRMSs is mainly balanced by enhanced net energy flux into the atmosphere column in the “Meiyu-Baiu” (MB) region due to the increase of air-sea turbulent latent heat fluxes along the Kuroshio and sensible heat fluxes over land. The increased net energy flux in the HRMs drives stronger ascending motion, resulting in more realistic rainfall in the MB region. Higher saturated specific humidity determined by finer sea surface temperature, less near-surface specific humidity along the Kuroshio, and stronger near-surface winds on western side of the western North Pacific Subtropical High strengthened by the enhanced pressure gradient together contribute to higher ventilation efficiencies and enhanced ocean forcing along the Kuroshio, leading to more turbulent latent heat fluxes in the HRMs. Additionally, drier and less cloudy atmosphere in the HRMs result in more downward shortwave radiation heating over the land, which partly contributes to the increased sensible heat flux. This understanding of the sensitivity of simulated MB to model resolution has implications for precipitation simulation and prediction over East Asia.

中文翻译：

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增强的湍流热通量改进了高分辨率大气模型中的 Meiyu-Baiu 模拟

基于耦合模式比对项目第 6 阶段高分辨率模式比对项目的 10 对大气环流模式，我们发现高分辨率模式（HRM，约 50 公里）的性能优于低分辨率模式（LRM，约 100 公里） ) 模拟东亚夏季风 (EASM) 雨带。我们将降雨量的增加归因于 HRM 中水汽的垂直平流增强，这主要是由垂直运动增强造成的。基于湿静能分析，HRMSs 中较强的垂直运动主要通过“梅雨-白鹬”（MB）区域由于海气湍流潜热通量增加而增加的进入大气柱的净能量通量来平衡。陆地上空的黑潮和感热通量。HRM 中增加的净能量通量驱动了更强的上升运动，从而导致 MB 区域的降雨更加真实。由更细的海面温度决定的更高的饱和比湿度、沿黑潮的近地表比湿度更小，以及北太平洋西部副热带高压西侧因压力梯度增强而加强的近地表风更强，共同有助于提高通风效率和沿黑潮的海洋强迫增强，导致 HRM 中更多的湍流潜热通量。此外，HRM 中较干燥且少云的大气导致陆地上更多的向下短波辐射加热，这在一定程度上有助于增加显热通量。