The clinical study of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) often reveals a large number of lymphocytes infiltrating the primary tumor site. As an important part of the tumor microenvironment, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) do not exist alone but as a complex multicellular population with high heterogeneity. TILs play an extremely significant role in the occurrence, development, invasion and metastasis of NPC. The latest research shows that they participate in tumorigenesis and treatment, and the composition, quantity, functional status and distribution of TILs subsets have good predictive value for the prognosis of NPC patients. TILs are an independent prognostic factor for TNM stage and significantly correlated with better prognosis. Additionally, adoptive immunotherapy using anti-tumor TILs has achieved good results in a variety of solid tumors including NPC. This review evaluates recent clinical and preclinical studies of NPC, summarizes the role of TILs in promoting and inhibiting tumor growth, evaluates the predictive value of TILs, and explores the potential benefits of TILs-based immunotherapy in the treatment of NPC.

鼻咽癌（NPC）的临床研究常发现有大量淋巴细胞浸润原发肿瘤部位。作为肿瘤微环境的重要组成部分，肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞（TILs）并非单独存在，而是作为一个具有高度异质性的复杂多细胞群体存在。TILs在鼻咽癌的发生、发展、侵袭和转移中发挥着极其重要的作用。最新研究表明，它们参与肿瘤的发生和治疗，TILs亚群的组成、数量、功能状态和分布对鼻咽癌患者的预后有很好的预测价值。TILs 是 TNM 分期的独立预后因素，与更好的预后显着相关。此外，使用抗肿瘤TILs的过继免疫治疗在包括NPC在内的多种实体瘤中取得了良好的效果。本综述评价了近期鼻咽癌的临床和临床前研究，总结了 TILs 在促进和抑制肿瘤生长中的作用，评估了 TILs 的预测价值，并探讨了基于 TILs 的免疫疗法在鼻咽癌治疗中的潜在益处。