Background

Simultaneous alcohol and marijuana use (SAM) may be linked to both short- and longer-term problems for young adults. Across two years of longitudinal data, we examined between- and monthly within-person associations of alcohol and marijuana use patterns, including SAM, with negative alcohol-related consequences, depressive symptoms, and general health.

Methods

773 young adults (aged 18–23 at screening; 56% women) who used alcohol in the year prior to study enrollment were surveyed monthly for 24 months. Multilevel models assessed associations of alcohol and marijuana use patterns with outcomes.

Results

Individuals who reported a higher proportion of SAM months had more negative alcohol-related consequences (Rate Ratio [RR] = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.17,1.89). At the within-person level, participants experienced more alcohol-related consequences on months when SAM was reported compared to months of alcohol-only (RR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.10,1.25) and months of concurrent alcohol and marijuana use without simultaneous use (CAM; RR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.11,1.29). Compared to alcohol-only, SAM was associated with more depressive symptoms and poorer general health at the between-person level and with more depressive symptoms at the monthly within-person level; however, SAM did not differ substantially from using neither alcohol nor marijuana or CAM for these outcomes at either the between- or within-person level.

Conclusions

SAM use may indicate risk for negative alcohol-related consequences, both within months of SAM use and across more extended time periods. Individuals who engage in SAM may experience worse mental and physical health than individuals who use alcohol exclusively.

中文翻译：

---

年轻成人同时使用酒精和大麻：两年内与酒精相关的负面后果、心理健康和总体健康的人与人之间和内部联系

背景

同时饮酒和吸食大麻 (SAM) 可能与年轻人的短期和长期问题有关。在两年的纵向数据中，我们检查了酒精和大麻使用模式（包括 SAM）与酒精相关负面后果、抑郁症状和总体健康之间的个人关联和每月个人关联。

方法

773 名年轻成人（筛选时年龄在 18-23 岁；56% 为女性）在参加研究前一年曾饮酒，每月接受调查 24 个月。多层次模型评估了酒精和大麻使用模式与结果之间的关联。

结果

报告 SAM 月份比例较高的个人与酒精相关的负面后果更多（比率 [ RR ] = 1.49，95 % CI：1.17,1.89）。在个人层面上，与仅饮酒的月份（RR  = 1.17，95 % CI：1.10,1.25）和未同时使用酒精和大麻的月份相比，参与者在报告 SAM 的月份经历了更多与酒精相关的后果使用（CAM；RR  = 1.20，95 % CI: 1.11,1.29)。与仅饮酒相比，SAM 在人与人之间的水平上与更多的抑郁症状和更差的总体健康状况相关，并且在每月的个人内部水平上与更多的抑郁症状相关；然而，SAM 与既不使用酒精也不使用大麻或 CAM 在人与人之间或人内层面上的这些结果没有实质性差异。

结论

使用 SAM 可能表明存在与酒精相关的负面后果的风险，无论是在使用 SAM 的几个月内还是在更长时间段内。与只饮酒的人相比，参与 SAM 的人的身心健康状况可能更差。