The loss of agro-biodiversity, climate changes and food insecurity are major challenges in the Mediterranean countries with potentially multidimensional consequences. With respect to salinity, approximately 18 million ha, corresponding to 25 % of total irrigated land in the Mediterranean area, are salt affected. Intensive cropping and the excessive use of expensive inputs such as water and fertilizers aggravate this situation. Understanding how we could improve crop productivity in salinized environments is therefore critical to face these challenges. Our comprehension of fundamental physiological mechanisms in plant salt stress adaptation has greatly advanced over the last decades. However, many of these mechanisms have been linked to salt tolerance in simplified experimental systems whereas they have been rarely functionally proven in real agricultural contexts. The sustainability of farming systems in salt affected Mediterranean soils can be effectively achieved by the use of salt-tolerant halophyte plants even more effective through the use of intercropping, crop rotation and aquaponics.. Moreover, if these halophyte plants are removed from the soil to grow other species, pressure on generating salt-tolerant crop plants would be reduced and much healthier crop plants would be cultivated in less stressed saline soils. This paper will focus on the sustainable practices based on the cultivation of halophytes in saline soils by highlighting some experimental activities carried out at laboratory and field levels in the last few years.

农业生物多样性的丧失、气候变化和粮食不安全是地中海国家面临的主要挑战，可能带来多方面的后果。关于盐度，大约 1800 万公顷，相当于地中海地区总灌溉土地的 25%，受到盐分的影响。集约化种植和过度使用昂贵的投入品，如水和化肥，加剧了这种情况。因此，了解我们如何在盐化环境中提高作物生产力对于应对这些挑战至关重要。在过去的几十年里，我们对植物盐胁迫适应的基本生理机制的理解有了很大的进步。然而，许多这些机制在简化的实验系统中与耐盐性有关，而它们很少在实际农业环境中得到功能证明。受盐影响的地中海土壤中耕作系统的可持续性可以通过使用耐盐盐生植物来有效实现，通过使用间作、作物轮作和鱼菜共生更有效。 此外，如果将这些盐生植物从土壤中移除以种植其他物种，产生耐盐作物的压力将减少，在压力较小的盐渍土壤中种植更健康的作物。本文将重点介绍基于在盐渍土壤中培养盐生植物的可持续实践，重点介绍过去几年在实验室和田间开展的一些实验活动。