Phosphogypsum (PG) affects many soil attributes, but its long-term effects on soil structure and physical properties remain unclear. We evaluated the residual effects of PG and induced soil compaction on selected soil chemical and physical attributes, and on common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) yield. The experiment was initiated on a Typic Hapludox soil using a split-plot design with four replicates. In November (2009), PG at rates of 3, 6, 9, 12 Mg ha⁻¹ was broadcast on the soil surface. In November (2012), traffic compaction was applied to the soil and the treatments were wheel-track (WTR), between wheel tracks (BWT) and no traffic/reference (REF) zones. Compaction was applied with a four-wheel-drive tractor with 2.4 and 3.6 Mg on the front and rear axles, respectively, at field water capacity (FC). Common bean was sown in February (2013) and its yield was assessed at physiological maturity. Forty-two months after application of traffic treatments, the 0.0−0.1 and 0.1−0.2 m soil layers were sampled. Phosphogypsum decreased exchangeable acidity and Al³⁺ concentrations, and increased pH and Ca²⁺ in both soil layers, as well as SO₄^2- in the 0.1−0.2 m layer. Despite increasing water-dispersible clay (WDC), PG decreased aggregate tensile strength (TS) at the WTR and BWT zones. Phosphogypsum rates increased organic carbon concentrations in soil aggregates. Machinery traffic increased the values of WDC and TS, but also decreased common bean yield. PG application alleviated the negative impacts of wheel traffic on TS. We conclude that the residual effect of PG can positively affect soil chemical and physical attributes and contribute to alleviate the impacts of machinery traffic.

磷石膏（PG）影响许多土壤属性，但其对土壤结构和物理性质的长期影响尚不清楚。我们评估了 PG 和诱导土壤压实对选定土壤化学和物理属性以及普通豆(Phaseolus vulgaris)产量的残留影响。该实验是在典型的 Hapludox 土壤上开始的，使用四次重复的裂区设计。2009 年 11 月，PG 的比例为 3、6、9、12 Mg ha ^-1在土壤表面播撒。2012 年 11 月，对土壤进行了交通压实，处理方式为轮距 (WTR)、轮距 (BWT) 和无交通/参考 (REF) 区域。压实是用四轮驱动拖拉机在前轴和后轴上分别采用 2.4 和 3.6 毫克，以田间水容量 (FC) 进行的。普通豆于 2013 年 2 月播种，在生理成熟时评估其产量。应用交通处理后 42 个月，对 0.0-0.1 和 0.1-0.2 m 土层进行采样。磷石膏降低了两个土壤层的可交换酸度和 Al ³⁺浓度，增加了 pH 值和 Ca ²⁺以及 SO ₄ ^2-在 0.1−0.2 m 层。尽管增加了水分散性粘土 (WDC)，但 PG 降低了 WTR 和 BWT 区域的聚集体拉伸强度 (TS)。磷石膏率增加了土壤团聚体中的有机碳浓度。机械交通增加了 WDC 和 TS 的值，但也降低了普通豆产量。PG 应用减轻了车轮交通对 TS 的负面影响。我们得出结论，PG 的残留效应可以对土壤化学和物理属性产​​生积极影响，并有助于减轻机械交通的影响。