Background

Craniosynostosis is a bony dysmorphism of the calvarium due to premature suture fusion and is classified as syndromic (part of congenital syndrome) or nonsyndromic (isolated). Deformational plagiocephaly (DP) is due to external positional forces on the skull after birth. This review aims to investigate the various quality of life (QoL) metrics across syndromic, nonsyndromic and DP patients.

Methods

Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a literature search was done through EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed and Web of Science. After two stages of screening by two authors, seventeen articles met inclusion criteria; 11 on syndromic, 4 nonsyndromic, and 2 DP.

Results

The literature suggests syndromic patients have more severe consequences on QoL, especially on psychological well-being, social functioning, and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), leading to behavioral difficulties. Nonsyndromic patients show a less clear trend across QoL measures, but a majority stated QoL is comparable to the general population. DP patients noted motor development and QoL improvement as well as improved subjective aesthetic outcomes after orthotic helmet molding therapy (HMT).

Conclusions

While a majority of literature classifies QoL in syndromic craniosynostosis alone, this review highlights the importance of these factors in nonsyndromic craniosynostosis and plagiocephaly patients. Psychological well-being, social functioning, and secondary health impacts such as OSA are important to consider in comprehensive craniofacial care in all calvaria deformities.

中文翻译：

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颅缝早闭和畸形斜头畸形患者的生活质量：系统评价

背景

颅缝早闭是由于缝合线过早融合导致的颅骨骨畸形，分为综合征性（先天性综合征的一部分）或非综合征性（孤立性）。变形性斜头畸形 (DP) 是由于出生后颅骨上的外部位置力所致。本综述旨在调查综合征、非综合征和 DP 患者的各种生活质量 (QoL) 指标。

方法

按照系统评价和元分析的首选报告项目 (PRISMA) 指南，通过 EMBASE、MEDLINE、PubMed 和 Web of Science 进行了文献检索。经过两位作者的两个阶段筛选，17篇文章符合纳入标准；11 名综合征患者，4 名非综合征患者，2 名 DP。

结果

文献表明，综合征患者对 QoL 有更严重的影响，尤其是心理健康、社会功能和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA)，导致行为困难。非综合征患者在 QoL 测量中表现出不太明显的趋势，但大多数人表示 QoL 与一般人群相当。DP 患者在矫形头盔成型治疗 (HMT) 后注意到运动发育和 QoL 的改善以及主观审美结果的改善。

结论

虽然大多数文献仅将 QoL 归类为综合征性颅缝早闭，但本综述强调了这些因素在非综合征性颅缝早闭和斜头畸形患者中的重要性。在所有颅骨畸形的综合颅面护理中，心理健康、社会功能和继发性健康影响（如 OSA）是重要的考虑因素。