Cerebrospinal fluid metabolomics: detection of neuroinflammation in human central nervous system disease,Clinical & Translational Immunology

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Cerebrospinal fluid metabolomics: detection of neuroinflammation in human central nervous system disease
Clinical & Translational Immunology ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-06 , DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1318
Jingya Yan ₁ , Unnikrishnan Kuzhiumparambil ₂ , Sushil Bandodkar _{3,

4} , Russell C Dale ₄ , Shanlin Fu ₁

Affiliation

The high morbidity and mortality of neuroinflammatory diseases drives significant interest in understanding the underlying mechanisms involved in the innate and adaptive immune response of the central nervous system (CNS). Diagnostic biomarkers are important to define treatable neuroinflammation. Metabolomics is a rapidly evolving research area offering novel insights into metabolic pathways, and elucidation of reliable metabolites as biomarkers for diseases. This review focuses on the emerging literature regarding the detection of neuroinflammation using cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) metabolomics in human cohort studies. Studies of classic neuroinflammatory disorders such as encephalitis, CNS infection and multiple sclerosis confirm the utility of CSF metabolomics. Additionally, studies in neurodegeneration and neuropsychiatry support the emerging potential of CSF metabolomics to detect neuroinflammation in common CNS diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and depression. We demonstrate metabolites in the tryptophan–kynurenine pathway, nitric oxide pathway, neopterin and major lipid species show moderately consistent ability to differentiate patients with neuroinflammation from controls. Integration of CSF metabolomics into clinical practice is warranted to improve recognition and treatment of neuroinflammation.

中文翻译：

脑脊液代谢组学：检测人类中枢神经系统疾病中的神经炎症

神经炎症疾病的高发病率和死亡率引起了人们对了解中枢神经系统（CNS）先天性和适应性免疫反应的潜在机制的极大兴趣。诊断生物标志物对于定义可治疗的神经炎症很重要。代谢组学是一个快速发展的研究领域，为代谢途径提供新的见解，并阐明可靠的代谢物作为疾病的生物标志物。本综述重点关注有关在人类队列研究中使用脑脊液 (CSF) 代谢组学检测神经炎症的新兴文献。对脑炎、中枢神经系统感染和多发性硬化症等经典神经炎症性疾病的研究证实了脑脊液代谢组学的实用性。此外，神经退行性疾病和神经精神病学的研究支持脑脊液代谢组学在检测阿尔茨海默病和抑郁症等常见中枢神经系统疾病中的神经炎症方面的新兴潜力。我们证明色氨酸-犬尿氨酸途径、一氧化氮途径、新蝶呤和主要脂质种类中的代谢物表现出适度一致的区分神经炎症患者和对照组的能力。将脑脊液代谢组学纳入临床实践有必要提高对神经炎症的认识和治疗。

更新日期：2021-08-07

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