A simulation can be a complex architecture of simulation models, simulation tools, and computing hardware. However, its development often relies on informal procedures and can begin without a clear, complete, and formal definition of the simulation needs. Simulation traceability is then compromised, which prevents from easily validating whether a simulation meets the needs, or understanding the purpose of a simulation model that can be reused. This paper proposes an approach to improve the definition of simulation needs using Model-Based Systems Engineering. Based on the semi-automatic processing of a system architecture, it presents a new method to formulate a so-called “simulation request” which covers (1) the part of the system to be simulated; (2) the objective of the simulation; (3) the simulation quality, cost, and delivery; (4) the test scenarios; (5) the data for simulation calibration and validation; and (6) the verification and validation of the simulation. All the tooling required for the formulation of the simulation request were prototyped in a SysML editor, with machine learning capabilities for the choice of test scenarios. The method and tooling were tested for the case of an autonomous car passing under traffic lights.

中文翻译：

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使用 MBSE 改进仿真规范，以实现更好的仿真验证和重用

仿真可以是仿真模型、仿真工具和计算硬件的复杂架构。然而，它的开发通常依赖于非正式的程序，并且可以在没有对模拟需求的清晰、完整和正式定义的情况下开始。仿真可追溯性会受到影响，这会妨碍轻松验证仿真是否满足需求，或了解可重复使用的仿真模型的目的。本文提出了一种使用基于模型的系统工程改进仿真需求定义的方法。基于对系统架构的半自动处理，提出了一种新的方法来制定所谓的“仿真请求”，它涵盖（1）系统被仿真的部分；(2) 模拟的目的；(3) 仿真质量、成本和交付；(4) 测试场景；(5) 模拟校准和验证的数据；(6) 模拟的验证和确认。制定模拟请求所需的所有工具都在 SysML 编辑器中进行了原型设计，具有用于选择测试场景的机器学习功能。该方法和工具针对自动驾驶汽车在红绿灯下通过的情况进行了测试。