Rice is a major cereal crop of Assam, North East India. The local rice accessions grown in this region possess unique traits of breeder’s choice i.e., tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. In the present investigation, 712 sali rice accessions of Assam were characterized using 20 qualitative and 13 quantitative traits. Among these, 19 qualitative traits showed distinct polymorphism except for the ligule colour. The maximum polymorphism was observed for apiculus colour followed by the colour of lemma palea and sterile lemma. The significant variation for the quantitative traits was recorded among the accessions. Lakhi Bilash and Borkamal were identified as the high yielding genotypes, which may be used further in breeding programmes. The cluster analysis using morphological traits based on the Euclidean distance matrix classified the accessions into the two distinct sub-groups. The high yielding accessions were grouped together in one cluster. A significant positive correlation was observed among the grain yield with the various panicle associated traits therefore, these may be used as selection criteria for development of high yielding rice varietiies.

中文翻译：

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印度东北部萨利水稻种质的形态特征

水稻是印度东北部阿萨姆邦的主要谷类作物。该地区种植的当地水稻品种具有育种者选择的独特特性，即对生物和非生物胁迫的耐受性。在目前的调查中，使用 20 个定性和 13 个数量性状对阿萨姆邦的 712 个沙利水稻进行了表征。其中，除叶舌颜色外，19个性状表现出明显的多态性。观察到的最大多态性是针尖颜色，其次是外稃和不育外稃的颜色。种质间数量性状存在显着差异。Lakhi Bilash 和 Borkamal 被确定为高产基因型，可进一步用于育种计划。使用基于欧几里德距离矩阵的形态特征的聚类分析将种质分为两个不同的亚组。高产种质集中在一个集群中。籽粒产量与各种穗相关性状呈显着正相关，因此可作为开发高产水稻品种的选择标准。