Abstract

Context

Depression is a severe mental illness caused by a deficiency of dopamine and serotonin. Cannabis sativa L. (Cannabaceae) has long been used to treat pain, nausea, and depression.

Objective

This study investigates the anti-depressant effects of C. sativa (hemp) seed ethanol extract (HE) in chlorpromazine (CPZ)-induced Drosophila melanogaster depression model.

Materials and methods

The normal group was untreated, and the control group was treated with CPZ (0.1% of media) for 7 days. The experimental groups were treated with a single HE treatment (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5% of media) and a mixture of 0.1% CPZ and HE for 7 days. The locomotor activity, behavioural patterns, depression-related gene expression, and neurotransmitters level of flies were investigated.

Results

The behavioural patterns of individual flies were significantly reduced with 0.1% CPZ treatment. In contrast, combination treatment of 1.5% HE and 0.1% CPZ significantly increased subjective daytime activity (p < 0.001) and behavioural factors (p < 0.001). These results correlate with increased transcript levels of dopamine (p < 0.001) and serotonin (p < 0.05) receptors and concentration of dopamine (p < 0.05), levodopa (p < 0.001), 5-HTP (p < 0.05), and serotonin (p < 0.001) compared to those in the control group.

Discussion and conclusions

Collectively, HE administration alleviates depression-like symptoms by modulating the circadian rhythm-related behaviours, transcript levels of neurotransmitter receptors, and neurotransmitter levels in the CPZ-induced Drosophila model. However, additional research is needed to investigate the role of HE administration in behavioural patterns, reduction of the neurotransmitter, and signalling pathways of depression in a vertebrate model system.

中文翻译：

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大麻籽乙醇提取物在氯丙嗪诱导的黑腹果蝇抑郁模型中的抗抑郁作用

摘要

语境

抑郁症是一种由多巴胺和血清素缺乏引起的严重精神疾病。Cannabis sativa L.（大麻科）长期以来一直用于治疗疼痛、恶心和抑郁。

客观的

本研究探讨了C. sativa (大麻) 种子乙醇提取物 (HE) 在氯丙嗪 (CPZ) 诱导的黑腹果蝇抑郁模型中的抗抑郁作用。

材料和方法

正常组不处理，对照组用CPZ（0.1%培养基）处理7天。实验组用单一 HE 处理（0.5、1.0 和 1.5% 的培养基）和 0.1% CPZ 和 HE 的混合物处理 7 天。研究了苍蝇的运动活动、行为模式、抑郁相关基因表达和神经递质水平。

结果

0.1% CPZ 处理显着降低了个体苍蝇的行为模式。相比之下，1.5% HE 和 0.1% CPZ 的联合治疗显着增加了主观白天活动 ( p  < 0.001) 和行为因素 ( p  < 0.001)。这些结果与多巴胺 ( p  < 0.001) 和血清素 ( p  < 0.05) 受体的转录水平增加以及多巴胺 ( p  < 0.05)、左旋多巴 ( p  < 0.001)、5-HTP ( p  < 0.05) 和血清素浓度增加相关( p  < 0.001) 与对照组相比。

讨论和结论

总的来说，HE 给药通过调节 CPZ 诱导的果蝇模型中的昼夜节律相关行为、神经递质受体的转录水平和神经递质水平来缓解抑郁样症状。然而，需要进一步的研究来研究 HE 给药在脊椎动物模型系统中的行为模式、神经递质减少和抑郁症信号通路中的作用。