Plant invasion alters latitudinal pattern of plant-defense syndromes,Ecology

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Plant invasion alters latitudinal pattern of plant-defense syndromes
Ecology ( IF 4.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-05 , DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3511
Mu Liu ₁ , Yuanfei Pan _{1,

2} , Xiaoyun Pan _{1,

3,

4} , Alejandro Sosa _{5,

6} , Dana M Blumenthal ₇ , Mark Van Kleunen _{8,

9} , Bo Li ₁

Affiliation

Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, National Observations and Research Station for Wetland Ecosystems of the Yangtze Estuary, Institute of Biodiversity Science and Institute of Eco-Chongming, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
Research Center for Ecology, College of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa, 850000, China.
Tibet University - Fudan University Joint Laboratory for Biodiversity and Global Change, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.
Fundación para el Estudio de Especies Invasivas (FuEDEI), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, 999071, Argentina.
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, 999071, Argentina.
Rangeland Resources & Systems Research Unit, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80526, USA.
Ecology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, 78464, Germany.
Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China.

The relationship between herbivory and latitude may differ between native and introduced populations of invasive plants, which can generate latitudinal heterogeneity in the strength of enemy release. However, still little is known about how latitudinal heterogeneity in herbivore pressure influences latitudinal variation in defense phenotypes of invasive plants. We tested how latitudinal patterns in multi-variate defense syndromes differed between native (Argentinian) and introduced (Chinese) populations of the invasive herb Alternanthera philoxeroides. In addition, to better understand the drivers underlying latitudinal patterns, we also tested whether associations of defense syndromes with climate and herbivory differed between native and introduced ranges. We found that native plant populations clustered into three main defense syndromes associated with latitude. In contrast, we only found two defense syndromes in the introduced range. One matched the high-latitude syndrome from the native range, but was distributed at both the northern and southern range limits in the introduced range. The other was unique to the introduced range and occurred at mid-latitudes. Climatic conditions were associated with variation in syndromes in the native range, and climatic conditions and herbivory were associated with variation in syndromes in the introduced range. Together, our results demonstrate that plants may under the new environmental conditions in the introduced range show latitudinal patterns of defense syndromes that are different from those in their native range. This emphasizes that geographical dependence of population differentiation should be explicitly considered in studies on the evolution of defense in invasive plants.

更新日期：2021-08-05

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