Across a series of studies, we examined the effects of the intentionality of the benefactor and the value of the benefit on 3- to 6-year-old children's gratitude, using an experimental design. Feelings and expressions of gratitude were used as indicators of gratitude, and prosocial behavior toward the benefactor was examined as a possible behavioral correlate. Experiment 1 (N = 175) showed that the benevolent intention of the benefactor affected preschool children's gratitude and helping behavior toward the benefactor. Experiment 2 (N = 172) found significant effects for the perceived value of the benefit on children's gratitude and prosociality. Experiment 3 (N = 218) showed that children's gratitude was influenced by both the value of the gift and the benefactor's benevolent intentions. Children's theory-of-mind abilities mediated the relationship between children's age and gratitude. The results suggest that intention and gift value may act as determinants of gratitude in early childhood. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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幼儿感恩的情境决定因素：感知意向性和利益价值对感恩和亲社会行为的影响。

在一系列研究中，我们使用实验设计检查了恩人的意向性和利益的价值对 3 至 6 岁儿童感恩的影响。感激的感觉和表达被用作感激的指标，对恩人的亲社会行为被视为可能的行为相关因素。实验一（N=175）表明，恩人的善意意愿影响学龄前儿童对恩人的感激和帮助行为。实验 2 (N = 172) 发现福利的感知价值对儿童的感恩和亲社会性有显着影响。实验 3（N = 218）表明，儿童的感激之情受到礼物的价值和恩人的仁慈意图的影响。孩子们' 心理理论能力在儿童年龄与感恩之间的关系中起中介作用。结果表明，意图和礼物价值可能是儿童早期感恩的决定因素。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA，保留所有权利）。