Harnessing natural killer (NK) cell activity, either endogenous NK or NK-cell-based therapy, is in the forefront development for many tumor types. There are compelling clinical evidence demonstrating the significant relevance of loss of NK cell activity with prostate cancer (PCa) disease progression to the lethal phenotype, metastatic castration-resistant PCa (mCRPC). Given that mCRPC is generally regarded as a "cold" tumor and has only elicited marginal response to immune checkpoint blockade therapy to revive CD8 T cell activity, NK cell targeted therapy may present a viable opportunity not only to directly target mCRPC and also to "fire up" the cold mCRPC tumor. However, current efforts on harnessing NK cell activity for treating mCRPC is very limited with only one open NK-cell-based clinical trial. This minireview will present the clinical significance of NK cell activity in controlling metastatic PCa and provide perspectives on harnessing NK cell activity for treating mCRPC.

中文翻译：

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利用自然杀伤细胞活性能否成为治疗前列腺癌的有希望的疗法？

利用自然杀伤 (NK) 细胞活性，无论是内源性 NK 还是基于 NK 细胞的疗法，都是许多肿瘤类型的前沿发展。有令人信服的临床证据表明 NK 细胞活性丧失与前列腺癌 (PCa) 疾病进展与致命表型、转移性去势抵抗性 PCa (mCRPC) 具有显着相关性。鉴于 mCRPC 通常被认为是一种“冷”肿瘤，并且仅对免疫检查点阻断疗法引发边缘反应以恢复 CD8 T 细胞活性，NK 细胞靶向治疗可能提供一个可行的机会，不仅可以直接靶向 mCRPC，还可以“点燃” up”冷的 mCRPC 肿瘤。然而，目前利用 NK 细胞活性治疗 mCRPC 的努力非常有限，只有一项基于 NK 细胞的开放临床试验。