ABSTRACT

Fusarium wilt of tomato is widespread throughout China, and the large spread of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.lycopersici (FOC) in the soil is the main reason. The application of vermicompost provides abundant antagonists and is an ecologically-friendly method for the biological control of Fusarium wilt of tomatoes. In this paper, Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing were used to explore the relationship between the incidence of Fusarium wilt of tomato and soil microorganisms in more detail and analyse the contributing factors of changes. Compared with the control treatment, vermicompost treatment promoted the growth of Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Saccharibacteria and Planctomycetes and inhibited the growth of Proteobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobia, and Cyanobacteria. The relative abundance of Ascomycota was negatively related to that of Basidiomycota. The results showed that the incidence of Fusarium wilt of vermicompost treatment was 36.5%∼73.9% lower than that of the control treatment. The relative abundance of Proteobacteria was positively related to the incidence of Fusarium wilt, while the ACE and Chao diversity indices of bacterial communities were significantly negatively related to the incidence of Fusarium wilt (p<0.05). Compared with other treatments, the 1:1 group exhibited a maximum diversity index, suggesting superior efficiency in the control of Fusarium wilt of tomato.

摘要

番茄枯萎病在我国广泛分布，尖孢镰刀菌大面积传播F。sp.lycopersici (FOC) 在土壤中是主要原因。蚯蚓粪的应用提供了丰富的拮抗剂，是一种生态友好的番茄枯萎病生物防治方法。本文利用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序更详细地探讨了番茄枯萎病发病率与土壤微生物之间的关系，并分析了其变化的影响因素。与对照处理相比，蚯蚓粪处理促进了放线菌、绿屈曲菌、糖杆菌和浮游菌的生长，抑制了变形菌、Gemmatimonadetes、厚壁菌、疣微菌和蓝藻的生长。子囊菌的相对丰度与担子菌的相对丰度呈负相关。结果表明，蚯蚓粪处理的枯萎病发生率比对照处理低36.5%～73.9%。Proteobacteria的相对丰度与枯萎病的发病率呈正相关，而细菌群落的ACE和Chao多样性指数与枯萎病的发病率呈显着负相关。p <0.05）。与其他处理相比，1:1 组表现出最大的多样性指数，表明在控制番茄枯萎病方面具有优越的效率。