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Dignity neuroscience: universal rights are rooted in human brain science
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-05 , DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14670 Tara L White 1, 2, 3, 4 , Meghan A Gonsalves 5
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences ( IF 4.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-05 , DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14670 Tara L White 1, 2, 3, 4 , Meghan A Gonsalves 5
Affiliation
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Universal human rights are defined by international agreements, law, foreign policy, and the concept of inherent human dignity. However, rights defined on this basis can be readily subverted by overt and covert disagreements and can be treated as distant geopolitical events rather than bearing on individuals’ everyday lives. A robust case for universal human rights is urgently needed and must meet several disparate requirements: (1) a framework that resolves tautological definitions reached solely by mutual, revocable agreement; (2) a rationale that transcends differences in beliefs, creed, and culture; and (3) a personalization that empowers both individuals and governments to further human rights protections. We propose that human rights in existing agreements comprise five elemental types: (1) agency, autonomy, and self-determination; (2) freedom from want; (3) freedom from fear; (4) uniqueness; and (5) unconditionality, including protections for vulnerable populations. We further propose these rights and protections are rooted in fundamental properties of the human brain. We provide a robust, empirical foundation for universal rights based on emerging work in human brain science that we term dignity neuroscience. Dignity neuroscience provides an empirical foundation to support and foster human dignity, universal rights, and their active furtherance by individuals, nations, and international law.
中文翻译：
尊严神经科学：普世权利植根于人脑科学
普遍人权由国际协定、法律、外交政策和人类固有尊严的概念定义。然而，在此基础上定义的权利很容易被公开和隐蔽的分歧所颠覆，并且可以被视为遥远的地缘政治事件，而不是影响个人的日常生活。迫切需要一个强有力的普遍人权案例，并且必须满足几个不同的要求：（1）一个框架，解决仅通过相互、可撤销的协议达成的同义反复定义；(2) 超越信仰、信仰和文化差异的基本原理；(3) 赋予个人和政府权力以进一步保护人权的个性化。我们建议现有协议中的人权包括五种基本类型：（1）代理权、自治权和自决权；(2) 免于匮乏；(3) 免于恐惧；(4) 唯一性；(5) 无条件，包括对弱势群体的保护。我们进一步提出这些权利和保护植根于人类大脑的基本特性。我们基于人类脑科学的新兴工作，为普遍权利提供了坚实的经验基础，我们称之为尊严神经科学。尊严神经科学为支持和促进人类尊严、普遍权利以及个人、国家和国际法的积极推动提供了经验基础。
更新日期：2021-08-05
中文翻译：
尊严神经科学：普世权利植根于人脑科学
普遍人权由国际协定、法律、外交政策和人类固有尊严的概念定义。然而，在此基础上定义的权利很容易被公开和隐蔽的分歧所颠覆，并且可以被视为遥远的地缘政治事件，而不是影响个人的日常生活。迫切需要一个强有力的普遍人权案例，并且必须满足几个不同的要求：（1）一个框架，解决仅通过相互、可撤销的协议达成的同义反复定义；(2) 超越信仰、信仰和文化差异的基本原理；(3) 赋予个人和政府权力以进一步保护人权的个性化。我们建议现有协议中的人权包括五种基本类型：（1）代理权、自治权和自决权；(2) 免于匮乏；(3) 免于恐惧；(4) 唯一性；(5) 无条件，包括对弱势群体的保护。我们进一步提出这些权利和保护植根于人类大脑的基本特性。我们基于人类脑科学的新兴工作，为普遍权利提供了坚实的经验基础，我们称之为尊严神经科学。尊严神经科学为支持和促进人类尊严、普遍权利以及个人、国家和国际法的积极推动提供了经验基础。
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