Rational Design of a High Performance and Robust Solar Evaporator via 3D-Printing Technology,Advanced Materials

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Rational Design of a High Performance and Robust Solar Evaporator via 3D-Printing Technology
Advanced Materials ( IF 27.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-04 , DOI: 10.1002/adma.202102649
Sourav Chaule ₁ , Jongha Hwang ₁ , Seong-Ji Ha ₁ , Jihun Kang ₁ , Jong-Chul Yoon ₁ , Ji-Hyun Jang ₁

Affiliation

Utilizing the broad-band solar spectrum for sea water desalination is a promising method that can provide fresh water without sophisticated infrastructures. However, the solar-to-vapour efficiency has been limited due to the lack of a proper design for the evaporator to deal with either a large amount of heat loss or salt accumulation. Here, these issues are addressed via two cost-effective approaches: I) a rational design of a concave shaped supporter by 3D-printing that can promote the light harvesting capacity via multiple reflections on the surface; II) the use of a double layered photoabsorber composed of a hydrophilic bottom layer of a polydopamine (PDA) coated glass fiber (GF/C) and a hydrophobic upper layer of a carbonized poly(vinyl alcohol)/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVA/PVP) hydrogel on the supporter, which provides competitive benefit for preventing deposition of salt while quickly pumping the water. The 3D-printed solar evaporator can efficiently utilize solar energy (99%) with an evaporation rate of 1.60 kg m^–2 h^–1 and efficiency of 89% under 1 sun irradiation. The underlying reason for the high efficiency obtained is supported by the heat transfer mechanism. The 3D-printed solar evaporator could provide cheap drinking water in remote areas, while maintaining stable performance for a long term.

中文翻译：

通过 3D 打印技术合理设计高性能和坚固的太阳能蒸发器

利用宽带太阳光谱进行海水淡化是一种很有前景的方法，无需复杂的基础设施即可提供淡水。然而，由于蒸发器缺乏适当的设计来处理大量的热损失或盐分积累，太阳能到蒸汽的效率受到限制。在这里，这些问题通过两种具有成本效益的方法得到解决：I）通过 3D 打印合理设计凹形支架，可以通过表面多次反射提高光收集能力；II) 使用由聚多巴胺 (PDA) 涂层玻璃纤维 (GF/C) 的亲水底层和碳化聚乙烯醇/聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 (PVA/PVP) 水凝胶的疏水上层组成的双层光吸收剂在支持者身上，这为防止盐沉积同时快速抽水提供了竞争优势。3D打印太阳能蒸发器可高效利用太阳能（99%），蒸发率为1.60 kg·m^–2 h ^–1和 1 次太阳照射下的效率为 89%。获得高效率的根本原因是传热机制。3D打印的太阳能蒸发器可以为偏远地区提供廉价的饮用水，同时长期保持稳定的性能。

更新日期：2021-09-21

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