The present meta-analytic review examined the associations between different forms of trauma and mental disorders among prisoners and ex-prisoners. Studies published from 1998 to March 31 2021 were identified by searching PsycINFO, PubMed, Medline and Web of Science. Data were meta-analyzed using a random-effect model. Moderator and mediator analyses were conducted. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020181587). We identified 62 studies (50 non-duplicated samples) with 15,115 (97.86%) prisoners and 330 (2.14%) ex-prisoners in 16 countries. A multi-level meta-analysis found that overall trauma was positively associated with more diagnoses or symptoms of mental disorders (Zr = 0.198, 95% CI = [0.167, 0.229], p < 0.001). Stronger effect sizes were found between childhood trauma (Zr = 0.357, 95% CI = [0.147, 0.568], p < 0.01) and sexual trauma (Zr = 0.326, 95% CI = [0.216, 0.435], p < 0.001) and stress-related disorders. Multilevel moderator analysis showed that effect size was stronger in imprisonment trauma (β = 0.247, 95% CI = [0.177, 0.316], p < 0.01), mixed trauma (β = 0.234, 95% CI = [0.196, 0.272], p < 0.001), and stress-related disorders (β = 0.261, 95% CI = [0.214, 0.307], p < 0.01). Associations between trauma and mental disorders were mediated by social support but not coping. Our findings provide an evidence base for future research on the impact of trauma and inform assessments and interventions in correctional settings.

本荟萃分析审查了囚犯和前囚犯中不同形式的创伤和精神障碍之间的关联。通过搜索 PsycINFO、PubMed、Medline 和 Web of Science 确定了 1998 年至 2021 年 3 月 31 日发表的研究。使用随机效应模型对数据进行元分析。进行了调解员和调解员分析。该协议已在 PROSPERO (CRD42020181587) 中注册。我们确定了 62 项研究（50 个非重复样本），涉及 16 个国家的 15,115 (97.86%) 名囚犯和 330 (2.14%) 名前囚犯。一项多层次的荟萃分析发现，整体创伤与更多的精神障碍诊断或症状呈正相关（Z r  = 0.198, 95% CI = [0.167, 0.229], p < 0.001)。在童年创伤（Z r  = 0.357, 95% CI = [0.147, 0.568], p  < 0.01）和性创伤（Z r  = 0.326, 95% CI = [0.216, 0.435], p  < 0.001 ）之间发现了更强的效应量) 和压力相关疾病。多级调节分析表明，监禁创伤 ( β  = 0.247, 95% CI = [0.177, 0.316], p  < 0.01)、混合创伤 ( β  = 0.234, 95% CI = [0.196, 0.272], p  < 0.001) 和压力相关疾病 ( β  = 0.261, 95% CI = [0.214, 0.307], p < 0.01)。创伤和精神障碍之间的关联是通过社会支持而不是应对来调节的。我们的研究结果为未来关于创伤影响的研究提供了证据基础，并为矫正环境中的评估和干预提供了信息。