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Variation in salinity tolerance and water use strategies in an introduced woody halophyte (Tamarix spp.)
Journal of Ecology ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-05 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13758 Randall W Long 1 , Carla M D’Antonio 1 , Tom L Dudley 2 , Kevin R Hultine 3
中文翻译：
引入的木质盐生植物（Tamarix spp.）耐盐性和水分利用策略的变化
更新日期：2021-08-05
Journal of Ecology ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-05 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13758 Randall W Long 1 , Carla M D’Antonio 1 , Tom L Dudley 2 , Kevin R Hultine 3
Affiliation
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- The form and function of terrestrial plants is largely governed by the availability of water, with plants in water-limited environments expressing traits minimizing water loss and tissue damage during drought. Areas with high salinity are analogous to those with low water availability, even where water is abundant. We evaluated variation in salinity tolerance and water use strategies in an introduced halophytic shrub, Tamarix spp by measuring gas exchange rates, biomass accumulation and turgor loss points. We hypothesized that salinity tolerance is not uniformly expressed, with high salinity ecotypes expressing more conservative water use traits that maximize hydraulic safety over high conductance rates.
- We studied two populations of Tamarix spp. along the lower Colorado River, where groundwater salinity differed by nearly sixfold. Cuttings collected from the sites were grown in a greenhouse with five salinity levels from 0 to 32 parts per thousand (ppt), imposing increasing water limitation.
- In situ measurements of leaf water potentials (Ψ) and branch xylem anatomy were taken on ecotypes sourced from high- and low-salinity sites. In the greenhouse, biomass and gas exchange rates were evaluated over the 0–32 ppt salinity gradient, and a separate dry down experiment was performed to determine turgor loss points and stomatal responses to drying soils.
- In the greenhouse, the low salinity population accumulated 72% more biomass when grown at 4 ppt compared to 16 ppt, while the high salinity population produced 50% more biomass when grown at 16 ppt. Net carbon assimilation was greater at lower salinities in the low salinity population but independent of salinity in the high salinity population. The high salinity population had a lower turgor loss point and exhibited greater stomatal control relative to the low salinity population.
- Synthesis. Results provide evidence for divergence of traits related to plant water use across salinity gradients in this recently introduced halophyte. Local adaptation to increased salinity has implications in aridland riparian ecosystems, where water management or drought may lead to altered soil salinities. The interaction of trait variation within Tamarix spp. and increasing salinity is likely to favour its continued dominance.
中文翻译：
引入的木质盐生植物（Tamarix spp.）耐盐性和水分利用策略的变化
- 陆生植物的形式和功能在很大程度上取决于水的可用性，在缺水环境中的植物表现出在干旱期间最大限度地减少水分流失和组织损伤的特征。盐度高的地区类似于可用水量低的地区，即使是在水资源丰富的地区。我们通过测量气体交换率、生物量积累和膨胀损失点来评估引入的盐生灌木柽柳属植物的耐盐性和水分利用策略的变化。我们假设盐度耐受性不是统一表达的，高盐度生态型表达更保守的用水特征，在高电导率下最大限度地提高水力安全性。
- 我们研究了两个柽柳种群。沿着科罗拉多河下游，那里的地下水盐度相差近六倍。从现场收集的插条在温室中生长，盐度为 0 到 32 ppm (ppt) 的五个盐度水平，从而增加了水限制。
- 对来自高盐度和低盐度地点的生态型进行了叶水势 (Ψ) 和分支木质部解剖结构的原位测量。在温室中，在 0-32 ppt 盐度梯度上评估生物量和气体交换率，并进行单独的干燥实验以确定膨胀损失点和气孔对干燥土壤的响应。
- 在温室中，与 16 ppt 相比，低盐度种群以 4 ppt 生长时积累的生物量多 72%，而高盐度种群在以 16 ppt 生长时产生的生物量多 50%。低盐度种群中较低盐度的净碳同化更大，但与高盐度种群中的盐度无关。相对于低盐度种群，高盐度种群具有较低的膨胀损失点并且表现出更大的气孔控制。
- 合成。结果为这种最近引入的盐生植物的盐度梯度与植物水分利用相关的性状差异提供了证据。当地对盐度增加的适应对干旱河岸生态系统有影响，在那里水资源管理或干旱可能导致土壤盐分改变。柽柳属内性状变异的相互作用。不断增加的盐度可能有利于其继续占据主导地位。
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