In this article we document the role of Ivan Matveevich Sokolov, anatomy professor at Moscow University, in the mummification of Julia Pastrana, born in Mexico (afterwards an American citizen by marriage), and her son. Sokolov had investigated and described the corpse of this famous “hairy woman” as an example of a congenital anomaly of the genus Homo. Due to the art of Sokolov’s embalming, the mummies of Julia and her son were presented to the scientific world, which made it possible to study similar cases of deformity in the human population. However, the historical role of Sokolov was not limited to his study of a congenital disease. His thorough postmortem examination and description of Pastrana’s and her son’s bodies allowed Sokolov to make an indirect contribution to evolutionary thought. Sokolov’s confirmation that Pastrana belonged to the genus Homo refuted all speculation about her hybrid origins and status as a missing link in the evolution of apes into humans.

在这篇文章中，我们记录了莫斯科大学解剖学教授 Ivan Matveevich Sokolov 在墨西哥出生的 Julia Pastrana（后来通过婚姻成为美国公民）和她的儿子的木乃伊中所扮演的角色。索科洛夫调查并描述了这位著名的“毛女”的尸体，作为人属先天性异常的一个例子. 由于索科洛夫的防腐艺术，朱莉娅和她儿子的木乃伊被呈现给科学界，这使得研究人类人口中类似的畸形病例成为可能。然而，索科洛夫的历史角色并不仅限于他对先天性疾病的研究。他对帕斯特拉娜和她儿子的尸体进行了彻底的尸检和描述，这让索科洛夫对进化思想做出了间接贡献。索科洛夫确认帕斯特拉纳属于人属，驳斥了所有关于她的混血起源和地位的猜测，作为猿猴进化为人类的一个缺失环节。