Membrane distillation (MD) has been considered as a promising separation technology for desalination due to its ultrahigh rejection towards nonvolatile salts. However, pore wetting is a long-standing problem for the practical deployment of conventional hydrophobic MD membranes. Herein, hydrophilic/hydrophobic dual-layer membrane consisting of a thin hydrophilic, aluminum fumarate (AlFu) metal−organic framework (MOF) doped poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) dense layer on top of a hydrophobic microporous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) substrate layer was prepared via a facial solution casting procedure. Adjusted by the nanoporous AlFu MOF, the thin PVA based hydrophilic layer (~800 nm) exhibited increased water vapor flux, reaching 45.1 kg/m² h while maintaining nearly complete salt rejection (99.9%) in desalting NaCl (35,000 ppm) solution (50 °C and 10 °C in the feed side and permeate side, respectively) via direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) process. Compared with the PTFE membrane, the dual-layer membranes possessed enhanced wetting resistance towards low-surface-tension solution by exhibiting stable throughput and salt rejection until 65% water recovery whereas the permeate conductivity of PTFE membrane increased substantially to 145 μS/cm at only 20% water recovery. Furthermore, the stability of the dual-layer membrane was assessed using real seawater in a 48 h DCMD test, showing no decline in water vapor flux and salt rejection while the permeate conductivity increased to 100 μS/cm for PTFE membrane. This study demonstrated the feasibility of using mixed matrix material as the top layer for designing high-performance MD membranes with outstanding antiwetting property.

膜蒸馏 (MD) 因其对非挥发性盐的超高去除率而被认为是一种很有前途的脱盐分离技术。然而，孔隙润湿是传统疏水性 MD 膜实际部署的一个长期问题。在此，亲水/疏水双层膜由亲水性富马酸铝 (AlFu) 金属有机骨架 (MOF) 掺杂聚乙烯醇 (PVA) 致密层组成，位于疏水微孔聚四氟乙烯 (PTFE) 基底层之上通过面部溶液浇铸程序制备。通过纳米多孔 AlFu MOF 调节，基于 PVA 的薄亲水层（~800 nm）表现出增加的水蒸气通量，达到 45.1 kg/m ² h 同时通过直接接触膜蒸馏 (DCMD) 工艺在 NaCl (35,000 ppm) 溶液（进料侧和渗透侧分别为 50 °C 和 10 °C）中保持几乎完全的脱盐率（99.9%）。与 PTFE 膜相比，双层膜通过在 65% 的水回收率之前表现出稳定的通量和脱盐率而对低表面张力溶液具有增强的抗润湿性，而 PTFE 膜的渗透电导率仅在20% 的水回收率。此外，在 48 小时 DCMD 测试中使用真实海水评估了双层膜的稳定性，显示水蒸气通量和脱盐率没有下降，而 PTFE 膜的渗透电导率增加到 100 μS/cm。