Background: Cannabis use is increasing, including among smokers, an at-risk population for cancer. Research is equivocal on whether using cannabis inhibits quitting cigarettes. The current longitudinal study investigated associations between smoking cannabis and subsequently quitting cigarettes. Methods: Participants were 4,535 adult cigarette smokers from a cohort enrolled in the American Cancer Society's Cancer Prevention Study-3 in 2009–2013. Cigarette quitting was assessed on a follow-up survey in 2015–2017, an average of 3.1 years later. Rates of quitting cigarettes at follow-up were examined by retrospectively assessed baseline cannabis smoking status ( never, former, recent ), and by frequency of cannabis smoking among recent cannabis smokers ( low : ≤3 days/month; medium : 4–19 days/month; high : ≥20 days/month). Logistic regression models adjusted for sociodemographic factors, smoking- and health-related behaviors, and time between baseline and follow-up. Results: Adjusted cigarette quitting rates at follow-up did not differ significantly by baseline cannabis smoking status [never 36.2%, 95% confidence interval (CI), 34.5–37.8; former 34.1%, CI, 31.4–37.0; recent 33.6%, CI, 30.1–37.3], nor by frequency of cannabis smoking (low 31.4%, CI, 25.6–37.3; moderate 36.7%, CI, 30.7–42.3; high 34.4%, CI, 28.3–40.2) among recent baseline cannabis smokers. In cross-sectional analyses conducted at follow-up, the proportion of cigarette smokers intending to quit smoking cigarettes in the next 30 days did not differ by cannabis smoking status ( P = 0.83). Conclusions: Results do not support the hypothesis that cannabis smoking inhibits quitting cigarette smoking among adults. Impact: Future longitudinal research should include follow-ups of >1 year, and assess effects of intensity/frequency of cannabis use and motivation to quit on smoking cessation.

中文翻译：

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美国癌症协会大型队列中吸食大麻和戒烟之间的关联

背景：大麻的使用正在增加，包括吸烟者，这是癌症的高危人群。关于使用大麻是否会抑制戒烟的研究是模棱两可的。当前的纵向研究调查了吸食大麻与随后戒烟之间的关联。方法：参与者是 2009-2013 年参加美国癌症协会癌症预防研究 3 的队列中的 4,535 名成年吸烟者。在 2015-2017 年的一项后续调查中评估了戒烟情况，平均间隔 3.1 年。通过回顾性评估的基线大麻吸食状态（从不、以前、最近）和最近吸食大麻的人吸食大麻的频率（低：≤3 天/月；中：4-19 天）来检查随访时的戒烟率/月；高：≥20 天/月）。逻辑回归模型针对社会人口因素、吸烟和健康相关行为以及基线和随访之间的时间进行了调整。结果：随访时调整后的戒烟率因基线吸食大麻状况而无显着差异 [从未为 36.2%，95% 置信区间 (CI)，34.5–37.8；前者 34.1%，CI，31.4–37.0；最近 33.6%，CI，30.1-37.3]，也不按吸食大麻的频率（低 31.4%，CI，25.6-37.3；中等 36.7%，CI，30.7-42.3；高 34.4%，CI，28.3-40.2）基线大麻吸食者。在后续进行的横断面分析中，打算在接下来的 30 天内戒烟的吸烟者比例并没有因大麻吸食状况而异（P = 0.83）。结论：结果不支持吸食大麻会抑制成人戒烟的假设。影响: 未来的纵向研究应包括 > 1 年的随访，并评估大麻使用强度/频率和戒烟动机对戒烟的影响。