The sheer size of the Indian population and its presence in a gigantic biometrics database has made possible the appropriation and control of millions of bodies on an everyday basis. It is being done at different levels by players operating the Digital State, with a markets-based approach aiming to provide governance and development entitlements, healthcare being one among them. However, at the receiving end of this appropriative force are the 22 percent below poverty line (BPL) population, accounting for around 300 million people living at less than 1.25 dollars per day. These tend to be bodies facing a double jeopardy of historical-social-economic inequalities and negotiating the biometric means of accessing healthcare entitlements. Specifically, this refers to an arduous process of proving one's 'mistrusted' self to be able to enter the process of availing medical treatment. Based on qualitative fieldwork in Jharkhand and Delhi, the paper argues that the very process of biometrics-based access to healthcare appropriates the bodies of BPL families even before they get any medical treatment. Findings reflect that the biometrics (technological) means for identifying the mistrusted bodies of BPL populations adds to the existing social inequalities.

中文翻译：

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适当的机构：生物识别制度、当代印度的数字国家和医疗保健

印度人口的庞大规模及其在巨大的生物识别数据库中的存在，使得每天都有可能占用和控制数以百万计的尸体。它是由运营数字国家的参与者在不同层面上完成的，以市场为基础的方法旨在提供治理和发展权利，医疗保健就是其中之一。然而，在这一拨款力量的接收端是贫困线以下 22% 的人口，大约有 3 亿人每天生活费低于 1.25 美元。这些机构往往面临着历史-社会-经济不平等的双重危险，并就获得医疗保健权利的生物识别手段进行谈判。具体来说，这指的是证明一个人“不信任”的艰难过程 才能进入就医流程。基于在贾坎德邦和德里的定性实地调查，该论文认为，基于生物识别技术获得医疗保健的过程本身就已经占用了 BPL 家庭的身体，甚至在他们得到任何治疗之前。调查结果表明，用于识别 BPL 人群不可信机构的生物识别（技术）手段加剧了现有的社会不平等。