The influence of firing temperature on characteristics and bacterial filtration of the porous ceramic membrane prepared from rice husk (20 wt%) and kaolin has been investigated. As firing temperatures increased from 900 to 1100°C, the compressive strength of membrane increased from 555.3 N/cm² to 2992.3 N/cm², whereas the porosity decreased from 49.4 to 30.2% due to structural condensation and mullite formation. The condensation caused pore contraction that finally improved bacterial removal efficiency from ~90% to 99%. The results suggested that the porous ceramic membrane prepared from rice husk and kaolin should be fired at ~1050°C to attain both strength and filtration efficiency.

中文翻译：

---

在多孔陶瓷膜制备中利用稻壳，一种丰富且廉价的生物质：焙烧温度的关键作用

研究了焙烧温度对稻壳（20wt%）和高岭土制备的多孔陶瓷膜的特性和细菌过滤性能的影响。随着焙烧温度从 900°C 增加到 1100°C，膜的抗压强度从 555.3 N/cm ²增加到 2992.3 N/cm ²，而由于结构凝结和莫来石的形成，孔隙率从 49.4% 减少到 30.2%。冷凝导致孔隙收缩，最终将细菌去除效率从约 90% 提高到 99%。结果表明，由稻壳和高岭土制备的多孔陶瓷膜应在~1050°C 下焙烧，以达到强度和过滤效率。