The Internet of Things (IoT) and its applications in industrial settings are set to bring in the fourth industrial revolution. The industrial environment consisting of high profile manufacturing plants and a variety of equipment is inherently characterized by high reflectiveness, causing significant multi-path components that affect the propagation of wireless communications—a challenge among others that needs to be resolved. This paper provides a detailed insight into Narrow-Band IoT (NB-IoT), Industrial IoT (IIoT), and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) within the context of indoor industrial environments. It presents the applications of NB-IoT for industrial settings, such as the challenges associated with these applications. Furthermore, future research directions were put forth in the areas of NB-IoT network management using self-organizing network (SON) technology, edge computing for scalability enhancement, security in NB-IoT generated data, and proposing a suitable propagation model for reliable wireless communications.

中文翻译：

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调查和见解

物联网 (IoT) 及其在工业环境中的应用将带来第四次工业革命。由高端制造工厂和各种设备组成的工业环境具有高反射率的内在特征，导致显着的多路径分量影响无线通信的传播——这是一个需要解决的挑战。本文详细介绍了室内工业环境中的窄带物联网 (NB-IoT)、工业物联网 (IIoT) 和无线传感器网络 (WSN)。它介绍了 NB-IoT 在工业环境中的应用，例如与这些应用相关的挑战。此外，