Coastal ocean flows are interconnected by a complex suite of processes. Examples are inlet jets, river mouth effluents, ocean currents, surface gravity waves, internal waves, wave overtopping, and wave slamming on coastal structures. It has become necessary to simulate such oceanographic phenomena directly and simultaneously in many disciplines, including coastal engineering, environmental science, and marine science. Oceanographic processes exhibit distinct behaviors at specific temporal and spatial scales, and they are multiscale, multiphysics in nature; these processes are described by different sets of governing equations and are often modeled individually. In order to draw the attention of the scientific community and promote their simulations, a Special Issue of the Journal of Marine Science and Engineering entitled “Multiscale, Multiphysics Modelling of Coastal Ocean Processes: Paradigms and Approaches” was published. The papers collected in this issue cover physical phenomena, such as wind-driven flows, coastal flooding, turbidity currents, and modeling techniques such as model comparison, model coupling, parallel computation, and domain decomposition. This article outlines the needs for modeling of coastal ocean flows involving multiple physical processes at different scales, and it discusses the implications of the collected papers. Additionally, it reviews the current status and offers a roadmap with numerical methods, data collection, and artificial intelligence as future endeavors.

中文翻译：

---

多尺度和多物理场沿海海洋过程建模：必要性、现状和进展的讨论

沿海海洋流动通过一套复杂的过程相互联系。例如入口喷流、河口流出物、洋流、地表重力波、内波、波浪翻越和波浪撞击海岸结构。在包括海岸工程、环境科学和海洋科学在内的许多学科中，直接并同时模拟此类海洋现象已成为必要。海洋过程在特定的时空尺度上表现出不同的行为，它们本质上是多尺度、多物理场的；这些过程由不同的控制方程组描述，并且通常单独建模。为了引起科学界的注意并促进他们的模拟，海洋科学与工程杂志特刊发表题为“沿海海洋过程的多尺度、多物理建模：范式和方法”。本期收集的论文涵盖了物理现象，例如风驱动流、沿海洪水、浊流，以及建模技术，例如模型比较、模型耦合、并行计算和域分解。本文概述了对涉及不同尺度的多个物理过程的沿海海洋流动建模的需求，并讨论了所收集论文的含义。此外，它还回顾了当前的状态，并提供了一个包含数值方法、数据收集和人工智能作为未来努力的路线图。