Host resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection requires the activities of multiple leukocyte subsets, yet the roles of the different innate effector cells during tuberculosis are incompletely understood. Here we uncover an unexpected association between eosinophils and Mtb infection. In humans, eosinophils are decreased in the blood but enriched in resected human tuberculosis lung lesions and autopsy granulomas. An influx of eosinophils is also evident in infected zebrafish, mice, and nonhuman primate granulomas, where they are functionally activated and degranulate. Importantly, using complementary genetic models of eosinophil deficiency, we demonstrate that in mice, eosinophils are required for optimal pulmonary bacterial control and host survival after Mtb infection. Collectively, our findings uncover an unexpected recruitment of eosinophils to the infected lung tissue and a protective role for these cells in the control of Mtb infection in mice.

中文翻译：

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嗜酸性粒细胞是结核病粒细胞反应的一部分，可促进小鼠的宿主抵抗

宿主对结核分枝杆菌的抗性是 ( Mtb ) 感染需要多个白细胞亚群的活动，但结核病期间不同先天效应细胞的作用尚不完全清楚。在这里，我们发现了嗜酸性粒细胞和Mtb之间的意外关联感染。在人类中，血液中的嗜酸性粒细胞减少，但在切除的人肺结核病灶和尸检肉芽肿中富集。在受感染的斑马鱼、小鼠和非人类灵长类肉芽肿中，嗜酸性粒细胞的涌入也很明显，它们在这些肉芽肿中被功能激活和脱粒。重要的是，使用嗜酸性粒细胞缺乏症的互补遗传模型，我们证明在小鼠中，嗜酸性粒细胞是Mtb感染后最佳肺部细菌控制和宿主存活所必需的。总的来说，我们的研究结果揭示了嗜酸性粒细胞意外募集到受感染的肺组织以及这些细胞在控制小鼠Mtb感染中的保护作用。