In the most common method of fresco painting, a unique integration of paint and plaster allows for frescos to acquire great durability and permanence. As the plaster or layers of fresco walls deteriorate over time, frescos become vulnerable to serious damage. In order to prevent such damage without harming frescos, non-destructive techniques must be used to analyze and determine areas of structure delamination. In the past, different non-destructive methods have been studied. However, many require expensive equipment. The main scope of this work is the evaluation of the effectiveness of non-invasive detection of fresco delamination via thermography, a comparatively inexpensive technique. In non-invasive active infrared thermography, thermal images are captured of a fresco before, during, and after a heating or cooling process. A defect beneath the surface acts as an insulative pocket, which in turn entraps heat and decreases the rate of heat diffusion. The accumulation of heat results in a defective region being abnormally hotter than a non-defective region, which causes a greater change in temperature throughout a heating or cooling process. Therefore, the analysis of the temperature change highlights defects location and entity beneath the surface. This technique was used and validated with two constructed surrogates, one with a known defect and one without a defect. The thermal analysis of the surrogates was performed via MATLAB®. Additionally, simulations of heating and cooling processes on modeled surrogates were generated in COMSOL® Multiphysics. The results of these simulations assessed the MATLAB® analysis and the use of non-invasive thermography as a tool to detect fresco delaminations. This method was then implemented on frescos within the Senate Reception Room of the United States Capitol Building.

在最常见的壁画绘画方法中，油漆和石膏的独特结合使壁画获得了极大的耐用性和持久性。随着石膏或壁画层随着时间的推移而恶化，壁画变得容易受到严重损坏。为了在不损害壁画的情况下防止此类损坏，必须使用非破坏性技术来分析和确定结构分层区域。过去，已经研究了不同的非破坏性方法。然而，许多需要昂贵的设备。这项工作的主要范围是评估通过热成像无创检测壁画分层的有效性，这是一种相对便宜的技术。在非侵入式主动红外热成像中，在加热或冷却过程之前、期间和之后捕获壁画的热图像。表面下方的缺陷充当绝缘袋，这反过来又会吸收热量并降低热扩散速率。热量的积累导致缺陷区域异常地比非缺陷区域更热，这会导致整个加热或冷却过程中的温度变化更大。因此，温度变化的分析突出了表面下的缺陷位置和实体。该技术被使用并通过两种构建的替代物进行验证，一种具有已知缺陷，另一种没有缺陷。替代品的热分析是通过 MATLAB® 进行的。此外，在 COMSOL® Multiphysics 中生成了模拟替代品的加热和冷却过程仿真。这些模拟的结果评估了 MATLAB® 分析和使用非侵入式热成像作为检测壁画分层的工具。然后在美国国会大厦参议院接待室内的壁画上实施了这种方法。