Feeling and being safe provides an essential foundation for children to learn and develop in healthy ways. I will summarize the current research and clinically based understanding about K-12 school violence and school safety. I summarize prevalence rates that underscore that school violence is tragically common. I then outline the spectrum of experiences that undermine safety in schools: from normal moments of misunderstanding to microaggressions to mental illness to international acts of verbal/cyber cruelty to “grey zone” sexual-social-emotional experiences, harassment, and rape as well as natural disasters, assault, murder, and suicide. I then summarize research-based policy and practice steps that we can take that will dramatically enhance how safe students feel and are in schools: (1) Supporting prosocial universal K-12 improvement efforts for all students; (2) Supporting coordinated educational, “at risk” and targeted K-12 interventions; (3) Addressing weapons in schools; and (4) Preventing school shootings. Schools are one of the safest places for children and adolescents to be physically. However, this is often not true psychosocially. Today, there is so much that we do understand about how to promote individual and organizational health as well as prevent school violence and intervene most helpfully when it does occur.

中文翻译：

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学校安全和暴力：研究和临床理解、趋势和改进策略

安全感和安全感为儿童以健康的方式学习和发展奠定了重要的基础。我将总结当前关于 K-12 学校暴力和学校安全的研究和基于临床的理解。我总结了强调校园暴力非常普遍的流行率。然后，我概述了破坏学校安全的一系列经历：从正常的误解时刻到微攻击到精神疾病，再到国际性的语言/网络虐待行为，再到“灰色地带”性-社会-情感体验、骚扰和强奸以及自然灾害、袭击、谋杀和自杀。然后，我总结了我们可以采取的基于研究的政策和实践步骤，这些步骤将大大提高学生在学校的感受和安全感：(1) 支持所有学生的亲社会普遍 K-12 改进工作；(2) 支持协调的教育、“处于危险中”和有针对性的 K-12 干预措施；(3) 处理学校武器问题；(4) 防止校园枪击事件。学校是儿童和青少年身体最安全的地方之一。然而，这在社会心理上通常不是真实的。今天，我们确实了解如何促进个人和组织的健康以及如何预防校园暴力，并在它发生时进行最有帮助的干预。