Fire and explosion accidents occur frequently in tankers because they transport large quantities of dangerous cargo. To prevent fire and explosion accidents, it is necessary to analyze factors that cause accidents and their effects. In this study, factors that cause fire and explosion accidents were classified using the 4M disaster analysis method, and each factor’s effect on the accident was analyzed using fault tree analysis (FTA). First, the unsafe tank atmosphere environment was identified as a primary cause of fire and explosion accidents in tankers, and the underlying causes of these accidents were investigated. The probability of underlying causes leading to primary causes was derived using an expert survey. The results showed that management and media factors had a greater impact on the unsafe tank atmosphere environment than human factors. To prevent fire and explosion accidents, it is necessary to ensure sufficient working and resting times for seafarers and compliance with procedures and work guidelines. A generalization of the results of present and future studies will enable the identification of the cause and preventive measures for fire and explosion accidents in tankers. Furthermore, this will reduce accidents in tankers and contribute to future safety management measures of ships and companies.

中文翻译：

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基于故障树分析的油轮火灾爆炸事故原因分析

油轮因运输大量危险货物而经常发生火灾和爆炸事故。为防止火灾爆炸事故的发生，需要对事故发生的因素及其影响进行分析。本研究采用4M灾害分析法对引发火灾爆炸事故的因素进行分类，并采用故障树分析法(FTA)分析各因素对事故的影响。首先，将不安全的罐体大气环境确定为油罐车火灾爆炸事故的主要原因，并对这些事故的根本原因进行了调查。导致主要原因的根本原因的概率是使用专家调查得出的。结果表明，管理和媒体因素对不安全罐体大气环境的影响大于人为因素。为防止火灾和爆炸事故的发生，必须确保海员有足够的工作和休息时间，并遵守程序和工作指南。当前和未来研究结果的概括将有助于确定油轮火灾和爆炸事故的原因和预防措施。此外，这将减少油轮事故，并有助于船舶和公司未来的安全管理措施。