Diabetes and obesity have become the most popular metabolic diseases in the world. A large number of previous studies have shown that glucose and lipid metabolism disorder is an important risk factor and a main cause of diabetes and obesity. Schistosoma is a parasite transmitted by freshwater snails. It can induce a series of inflammatory and immune reactions after infecting the human body, causing schistosomiasis. However, in recent years, studies have found that Schistosoma infection or Schistosoma related products can improve or prevent some immune and inflammatory diseases, such as severe asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes and so on. Further experiments have also revealed that Schistosoma can promote the secretion of anti-inflammatory factors and regulate the glucose and lipid metabolism in the host body by polarizing immune cells such as T cells, B cells and dendritic cells (DCs). In this review, we summarize studies that investigated Schistosoma and Schistosoma-derived products and their relationship with glycolipid metabolism and related diseases, highlighting potential protective mechanisms.

糖尿病和肥胖症已成为世界上最流行的代谢疾病。以往的大量研究表明，糖脂代谢紊乱是糖尿病和肥胖的重要危险因素，也是导致肥胖的主要原因。血吸虫是一种由淡水蜗牛传播的寄生虫。感染人体后可诱发一系列炎症和免疫反应，引起血吸虫病。但近年来研究发现，血吸虫感染或血吸虫相关产品可以改善或预防一些免疫和炎症性疾病，如重症哮喘、炎症性肠病、糖尿病等。进一步的实验还表明，血吸虫可以通过极化T细胞、B细胞和树突状细胞（DCs）等免疫细胞，促进抗炎因子的分泌，调节宿主体内的糖脂代谢。在这篇综述中，我们总结了研究血吸虫和血吸虫衍生产品及其与糖脂代谢和相关疾病的关系，强调了潜在的保护机制。