There is a substantial body of theoretical evidence and a wide variety of recommendations from multilateral agencies on the importance of develop partnerships to achieve sustainability but not all partnerships could be equally effective. The purpose of this study is to establish which characteristics of partnerships could be related to greater improvements in firms' sustainability. To achieve this goal, we based on the resource-based view, to emphasize the importance of expanding firm resources and capabilities through strategic partnerships. The longitudinal panel data used includes information from sustainability reports published by Spanish listed firms between 2016 and 2019. We find evidence that greater diversity referring to social sectors involved and longer duration partnerships improve sustainability measures, but only in responsive firms (environmentally pollutants). By contrast, in nonresponsive firms, diversity and longer-tenure partnerships implied less improvement. Finally, we analyze the implications of these results to build effective partnerships and encourage sustainability.

中文翻译：

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通过有效的战略伙伴关系鼓励企业可持续发展

多边机构有大量理论证据和各种建议，说明发展伙伴关系以实现可持续性的重要性，但并非所有伙伴关系都同样有效。本研究的目的是确定伙伴关系的哪些特征可能与公司可持续性的更大改进有关。为实现这一目标，我们基于资源基础的观点，强调通过战略伙伴关系扩大企业资源和能力的重要性。使用的纵向面板数据包括西班牙上市公司在 2016 年至 2019 年间发布的可持续发展报告中的信息。我们发现证据表明，所涉及的社会部门的多样性更大且持续时间更长伙伴关系改善了可持续性措施，但仅限于反应灵敏的公司（环境污染物）。相比之下，在反应迟钝的公司中，多样性和长期合作伙伴关系意味着改进较少。最后，我们分析了这些结果对建立有效伙伴关系和鼓励可持续性的影响。