Vehicular crashes into buildings seem to be an on-going problem with severe consequences. When the building is of masonry, the damage at the impact zone is more severe with possible intrusion of the vehicle into the building, depending on the velocity of impact. In all these cases, vibration is propagated from the impact zone to the wall edges and then to adjoining walls in the building and can result in their damage. While the damage at the impact zone has been studied, the vibration propagation to the edges of the impacted wall and the adjoining walls and their potential for damage have not been treated. Dynamic response and damage of masonry walls due to vibration caused by vehicular impacts is important for the global safety assessment of the masonry structures. With this in mind, this paper presents a numerical study on the vibration-induced damage characteristics of the masonry structures subjected to vehicular impacts. A homogenised masonry material model incorporating strain rate effects suitable for impact applications using layered shell elements is adopted in this research with improved computational efficiency. The vibration induced damage at the edges of masonry walls is studied through numerical models of various types of wall structures. A validated vehicle model with deformable characteristics is employed to predict the HIC (Head Injury Criteria) to evaluate the head injury risk of the occupants of the vehicle when it crashes into the masonry structure. The outcomes of this study demonstrated that the vibration-induced damage in unreinforced masonry structures due to vehicular collision is more severe at low velocities compared that at high-velocity impacts. Moreover, the HIC value calculated for impacting vehicle velocity of 100 km/hr is 23.5, which is considerably lower than the HIC tolerance limit of 1000. This is a desirable safety feature for the occupants of the impacting vehicle, and it is due to the significant amount of energy absorbed at the impact zone and through the vibration transmission across the masonry wall.

车辆撞上建筑物似乎是一个持续存在的问题，会带来严重后果。当建筑物为砖石结构时，撞击区的损坏更严重，车辆可能侵入建筑物，具体取决于撞击速度。在所有这些情况下，振动都会从冲击区传播到墙壁边缘，然后传播到建筑物中的相邻墙壁，并可能导致其损坏。虽然已经研究了撞击区的损坏，但尚未处理向撞击壁和相邻壁边缘的振动传播及其损坏的可能性。由于车辆撞击引起的振动引起的砌体墙的动态响应和损坏对于砌体结构的全球安全评估很重要。考虑到这一点，本文提出了对受到车辆撞击的砌体结构的振动引起的损伤特性的数值研究。本研究采用了一种包含应变率效应的均质砌体材料模型，该模型适用于使用分层壳单元的冲击应用，并提高了计算效率。通过各种类型墙体结构的数值模型研究了砌体墙体边缘的振动损伤。采用经过验证的具有可变形特性的车辆模型来预测 HIC（头部伤害标准），以评估车辆撞到砖石结构时乘员头部受伤的风险。这项研究的结果表明，与高速撞击相比，车辆碰撞对未加固砌体结构的振动引起的损坏在低速时更为严重。此外，碰撞车速为 100 km/hr 时计算的 HIC 值为 23.5，远低于 HIC 公差限值 1000。这是碰撞车辆乘员的理想安全特性，这是由于在冲击区和通过砖石墙的振动传输吸收了大量能量。