The driving ranges of electric vehicles (EVs) will decrease greatly with increased use of the vehicle heating system in a cold climate. Air conditioning heat pump (ACHP) systems, which convert energy stored in the ambient environment into heat, represent a promising approach for increasing the EV driving range. In this work, the performance of an ACHP system in an EV under extremely cold conditions is investigated experimentally. The requirements of an ACHP system for EVs at various ambient temperatures are determined using our capacity matching strategy. A prototype system designed based on these requirements is evaluated. Data collected from experiments performed at a full-scale facility under extreme temperature conditions are analyzed. The results show that the ACHP system proposed for EV applications can satisfy both the cooling and heating requirements for the passenger compartment. The system increased the driving range by 23% when compared with that of an EV using a positive-temperature-coefficient (PTC) heater at −10 °C.

随着寒冷气候下车辆加热系统的使用增加，电动汽车（EV）的行驶里程将大大减少。空调热泵 (ACHP) 系统将储存在周围环境中的能量转化为热量，是增加 EV 行驶里程的一种很有前景的方法。在这项工作中，通过实验研究了在极冷条件下电动汽车中 ACHP 系统的性能。使用我们的容量匹配策略确定在各种环境温度下对电动汽车的 ACHP 系统的要求。评估基于这些要求设计的原型系统。分析了在极端温度条件下在全规模设施中进行的实验中收集的数据。结果表明，为电动汽车应用提出的 ACHP 系统可以同时满足乘客舱的冷却和加热要求。与使用正温度系数 (PTC) 加热器在 -10 °C 下的电动汽车相比，该系统的行驶里程增加了 23%。