ABSTRACT

This study examined the risk of adverse outcomes during non-fatal encounters with subjects exhibiting features of Excited Delirium Syndrome (ExDS). Data for the study was collected over a five-year period through standardized reporting in a large Canadian law enforcement agency. Consistent with previous research, the presence of six or more of the ten features of ExDS was used to identify a probable case. Force was applied on 10,718 subjects, 197 (1.8%) of which were probable ExDS. Logistic regression were used to model the odds that use of force (UoF) interventions used on subjects in a state of probable ExDS resulted in adverse outcomes. Probable ExDS was one of the most important predictors of adverse outcomes in UoF encounters, even after controlling for associated risk factors. There were significantly higher odds that UoF was ineffective on subjects exhibiting more features of ExDS, resulting in an increased amount of force applied. In contrast, there were significantly lower odds of injury from UoF for individuals exhibiting probable ExDS. Officers, however, were at a higher risk of injury when dealing with those displaying a greater number of features. These results underscore the risks inherent to incidents involving cases of probable ExDS. A greater understanding of such risks may improve response strategies and promote public and police safety.

摘要

这项研究检查了在与表现出兴奋性谵妄综合征 (ExDS) 特征的受试者进行非致命性接触期间出现不良后果的风险。该研究的数据是通过加拿大一家大型执法机构的标准化报告在五年内收集的。与之前的研究一致，ExDS 的十个特征中有六个或更多的存在被用来识别一个可能的病例。对 10,718 名受试者施加了力量，其中 197 名（1.8%）可能是 ExDS。逻辑回归用于模拟对处于可能 ExDS 状态的受试者使用武力 (UoF) 干预导致不良结果的可能性。可能的 ExDS 是 UoF 遭遇中不良后果的最重要预测因素之一，即使在控制了相关风险因素之后也是如此。UoF 对表现出更多 ExDS 特征的受试者无效的可能性明显更高，从而导致施加的力增加。相比之下，对于表现出可能的 ExDS 的个人而言，UoF 受伤的几率显着降低。然而，在与那些表现出更多特征的人打交道时，军官受伤的风险更高。这些结果强调了涉及可能的 ExDS 案例的事件所固有的风险。对此类风险有更深入的了解可能会改进应对策略并促进公众和警察的安全。与那些表现出更多特征的人打交道时，受伤的风险更高。这些结果强调了涉及可能的 ExDS 案例的事件所固有的风险。对此类风险有更深入的了解可能会改进应对策略并促进公众和警察的安全。与那些表现出更多特征的人打交道时，受伤的风险更高。这些结果强调了涉及可能的 ExDS 案例的事件所固有的风险。对此类风险有更深入的了解可能会改进应对策略并促进公众和警察的安全。