Fiber-reinforced polymer composites serving in harsh conditions must maintain their performance during their entire service. The cryogenic impact is one of the most unpredictable loading types, leading to catastrophic failures of composite structures. This study aims to examine the low-velocity impact (LVI) performance of 3D woven spacer glass-epoxy composite experimentally under cryogenic temperatures. LVI tests were conducted under various temperatures ranging from room temperature (RT) to −196°C. Experimental results reveal that the 3D composites gradually absorbed higher impact energies with decreasing temperature. Besides, the effect of multi-walled carbon nanotube and SiO₂ nanofiller reinforcements of the matrix on the impact performance and the damage characteristics were further assessed. Nanofiller modification enhanced the impact resistance up to 30%, especially at RT. However, the nanofiller efficiency declined with decreasing temperature. The apparent damages were visually examined by scanning electron microscopy to address the damage formation. Significant outcomes have been achieved with the nanofiller modification regarding the new usage areas of 3D woven composites.

在恶劣条件下使用的纤维增强聚合物复合材料必须在整个使用过程中保持其性能。低温冲击是最不可预测的载荷类型之一，会导致复合结构的灾难性故障。本研究旨在通过实验检验 3D 编织间隔玻璃-环氧树脂复合材料在低温下的低速冲击 (LVI) 性能。LVI 测试在从室温 (RT) 到 -196°C 的各种温度下进行。实验结果表明，随着温度的降低，3D 复合材料逐渐吸收更高的冲击能量。此外，多壁碳纳米管和SiO _{2 的作用}进一步评估了基体的纳米填料增强对冲击性能和损伤特性的影响。纳米填料改性将抗冲击性提高了 30%，尤其是在室温下。然而，纳米填料的效率随着温度的降低而下降。通过扫描电子显微镜目视检查明显的损坏以解决损坏的形成。纳米填料改性在 3D 编织复合材料的新使用领域取得了显着成果。